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Roseburia is a genus of butyrate-producing, Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria that inhabit the human colon.Named in honor of Theodor Rosebury, they are members of the phylum Bacillota (formerly known as Firmicutes).
Bacillota (synonym Firmicutes) is a phylum of bacteria, most of which have gram-positive cell wall structure. [2] The renaming of phyla such as Firmicutes in 2021 remains controversial among microbiologists, many of whom continue to use the earlier names of long standing in the literature.
The high G + C phylum was made up of the Actinobacteria, and the low G + C phylum contained the Firmicutes. [5] The Actinomycetota include the Corynebacterium, Mycobacterium, Nocardia and Streptomyces genera. The (low G + C) Bacillota, have a 45–60% GC content, but this is lower than that of the Actinomycetota. [2]
Other research has shown that there is a correlation between high populations of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, low IL-12 abundance, and higher IL-10 production. [25] [26] The upregulated IL-10 inhibts the secretion of IFN-y, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-12, which are all pro-inflammatory cytokines. [26]
High substrate affinity is suggested to be the reason. 3 Lactate → acetate + 2 propionate + CO 2 + H 2 O. A study of Veillonella in endurance athletes found that a relative abundance of the bacteria in the gut is associated with increased treadmill run time performance.
Despite gut microbiota performing many of the same functions, using taxon-centric analysis to classify species leads to high dimensionality because of the vast complexity of strains. [28] Eubacterium is one of the many possible gut microbial taxa that degrade dietary fiber, though E. eligens is one of the only Firmicutes to degrade pectin. [3]
Christensenella is a genus of non-spore-forming, anaerobic, and nonmotile bacteria from the family Christensenellaceae. They are also part of the order Clostridiales, the class Clostridia and the phylum Firmicutes. [1]
Enterococcus is a large genus of lactic acid bacteria of the phylum Bacillota.Enterococci are Gram-positive cocci that often occur in pairs or short chains, and are difficult to distinguish from streptococci on physical characteristics alone. [2]