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Northwestern Kurmanji, spoken in the Kahramanmaraş (in Kurmanji: Meraş), Malatya (Meletî) and Sivas (Sêwaz) provinces of the northwest of Turkish Kurdistan. Southwestern Kurmanji, spoken in the Adıyaman (Semsûr), Gaziantep (Entab) and Şanlıurfa (Riha) provinces of Turkish, and Aleppo Governorate in the west of Syrian Kurdistan.
Kurmanji is the largest dialect group, spoken by an estimated 15 to 20 million Kurds in Turkey, Syria, northern Iraq, and northwest and northeast Iran. Sorani is spoken by an estimated 6 to 7 million Kurds in much of Iraqi Kurdistan and the Iranian Kurdistan province. [28]
The following is a list of the Kurmanji speaking Kurdish tribes of the Zil tribal Federation [1] [2 ... The Transformation of Kurdish Political Identity in Turkey: ...
A 2005 study genetically examined three different groups of Zaza (n= 27) and Kurmanji speakers in Turkey and Kurmanji speakers in Georgia. In the study, mtDNA HV1 sequences, eleven Y chromosome bi-allelic markers and 9 Y-STR loci were analyzed to investigate lineage relationship among these Iranian-speaking groups.
Turkish nationalist Hasan Reşit Tankut proposed in 1961 to create a corridor between Zaza-speakers and Kurmanji-speakers to hasten Turkification. [3] In some cases in the diaspora, Zazas turned to this ideology because of the more visible differences between them and Kurmanji -speakers.
Zaza (endonym: Zazakî, Dimlî, Dimilkî, Kirmanckî or Kirdkî) [4] [5] is a Northwestern Iranian language spoken primarily in eastern Turkey by the Zazas, who are commonly considered as Kurds, and in many cases identify as such.
The Kurdish language in Turkey, primarily Kurmanji and Zazaki, has faced systemic marginalization, leading to significant language shift. According to a 2020 survey, while 80% of Kurdish parents of children aged 3–13 claimed proficiency in Kurdish, only 24% used it as the primary language of communication at home . [ 105 ]
A 2005 study genetically examined three different groups of Zaza and Kurmanji speakers in Turkey and Kurmanji speakers in Georgia. In the study, mtDNA HV1 sequences, eleven Y chromosome bi-allelic markers and 9 Y-STR loci were analyzed to investigate lineage relationship among Kurdish groups.