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  2. Dual mandate (politics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual_mandate_(politics)

    A member of the European Parliament (MEP) may not be a member of the national legislature of a member state. [1] This dates from a 2002 European Union decision, which came into effect at the 2004 European elections in most member states, [1] at the 2007 national election in the Republic of Ireland, [1] and at the 2009 European elections in the United Kingdom.

  3. Multi-party system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-party_system

    In political science, a multi-party system is a political system where more than two meaningfully-distinct political parties regularly run for office and win elections. [1] Multi-party systems tend to be more common in countries using proportional representation compared to those using winner-take-all elections, a result known as Duverger's law .

  4. List MP - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_MP

    A list MP is a member of parliament (MP) elected from a party list rather than a geographic electoral district. The place in Parliament is due to the number of votes the party won, not to votes received by the MP personally. This occurs only in countries with an electoral system based wholly or partly on party-list proportional representation.

  5. List of countries by system of government - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by...

    This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these messages) This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "List of countries by system of government" – news ...

  6. List of legislatures by country - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../List_of_legislatures_by_country

    Central American Integration System: Central American Parliament: Unicameral Varies by country Direct, proportional: 126 426,274 2,651 Community of Latin American and Caribbean States: Latin American Parliament: Unicameral 5 Direct 276 ~ ~ European Union: European Parliament [1] Lower: 5 Open and closed list proportional representation

  7. Dual-member mixed proportional - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual-member_mixed_proportional

    The dual-member mixed proportional (DMP) [1] [2] [3] voting method is a mixed electoral system using a localized list rule to elect two representatives in each district. [4] It is similar to other forms of mixed-member proportional representation, but differs from the better-known additional-member system in that all representatives are elected locally in small districts, rather than requiring ...

  8. Single transferable vote - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_transferable_vote

    [43] His contemporary, Walter Bagehot, also praised the Hare system for allowing everyone to elect an MP, even ideological minorities, but also argued that the Hare system would create more problems than it solved: "[the Hare system] is inconsistent with the extrinsic independence as well as the inherent moderation of a Parliament – two of ...

  9. Member of parliament - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Member_of_parliament

    Member of Parliament can be the term (often a translation) for representatives in parliamentary democracies that do not follow the Westminster system and who are usually referred to in a different fashion, such as deputé in France, deputato in Italy, deputat in Bulgaria, parlamentario or diputado in Spain and Spanish-speaking Latin America ...