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The Cisco 12000, also known as a Gigabit Switch Router or GSR, is a series of large network routers designed and manufactured by Cisco Systems. [ 1 ] IP Services Engine (ISE) with four Gigabit Ethernet SFPs on the left.
Notable custom-firmware projects for wireless routers.Many of these will run on various brands such as Linksys, Asus, Netgear, etc. OpenWrt – Customizable FOSS firmware written from scratch; features a combined SquashFS/JFFS2 file system and the package manager opkg [1] with over 3000 available packages (Linux/GPL); now merged with LEDE.
A switch that also operates at these higher layers is known as a multilayer switch. Segmentation involves the use of a switch to split a larger collision domain into smaller ones in order to reduce collision probability and to improve overall network throughput. In the extreme case (i.e. micro-segmentation), each device is directly connected to ...
Supermicro AOC-SGP-I2 dual-port Gigabit Ethernet NIC, a PCI Express ×4 card. 1000BASE-T (also known as IEEE 802.3ab) is a standard for Gigabit Ethernet over twisted-pair wiring. Each 1000BASE-T network segment is recommended to be a maximum length of 100 meters (330 feet), [5] [a] and must use Category 5 cable or better (including Cat 5e and ...
The 48-bit MAC address was adopted by other IEEE 802 networking standards, including IEEE 802.11 , as well as by FDDI. EtherType values are also used in Subnetwork Access Protocol (SNAP) headers. Ethernet is widely used in homes and industry, and interworks well with wireless Wi-Fi technologies.
Because the switch only ever buffers 64 bytes of each frame, fragment-free is a faster mode than store-and-forward, but there still exists a risk of forwarding bad frames. [ 7 ] There are certain scenarios that force a cut-through Ethernet switch to buffer the entire frame, acting like a store-and-forward Ethernet switch for that frame:
A Fast Ethernet adapter can be logically divided into a media access controller (MAC), which deals with the higher-level issues of medium availability, and a physical layer interface . The MAC is typically linked to the PHY by a four-bit 25 MHz synchronous parallel interface known as a media-independent interface (MII), or by a two-bit 50 MHz ...
The gigabit media-independent interface (GMII) is an interface between the medium access control (MAC) device and the physical layer . The interface operates at speeds up to 1000 Mbit/s , implemented using a data interface clocked at 125 MHz with separate eight-bit data paths for receive and transmit, and is backwards compatible with the MII ...