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The astronomical basis of the Hindu lunar day. In Vedic timekeeping, a tithi is a "duration of two faces of moon that is observed from earth", known as milа̄lyа̄ (Newar: 𑐩𑐶𑐮𑐵𑐮𑑂𑐫𑐵𑑅, मिलाल्याः) in Nepal Bhasa, [1] or the time it takes for the longitudinal angle between the Moon and the Sun to increase by 12°.
Paksha (Sanskrit: पक्ष, romanized: pakṣa) refers to a fortnight or a lunar phase in a month of the Hindu lunar calendar. [1] [2] Literally meaning "side", [3] a paksha is the period either side of the purnima (full moon day). A lunar month in the Hindu calendar has two fortnights, and begins with the purnima .
A tithi corresponds to the concept of a lunar day. Tithi have Sanskrit numbers according by their position in the pakṣa, i.e. prathama (first), dvitīya (second) etc. The fifteenth, that is, the last tithi of a kṛṣṇa pakṣa is called amāvāsya (new moon) and the fifteenth tithi of a śukla pakṣa is called pūrṇimā (full moon). [7]
The Hindu calendars adjust the mismatch in divasa and tithi, using a methodology similar to the solar and lunar months. [ 51 ] A tithi is technically defined in Vedic texts, states John E. Cort , as "the time required by the combined motions of the Sun and Moon to increase (in a bright fortnight) or decrease (in a dark fortnight) their relative ...
Bhai Dooj, Bhai Tika, Bhaubeej, Bhai Beej, Bhai Phonta or Bhratri Dwitiya is a festival celebrated by Hindus on the second lunar day of the Shukla Paksha (bright fortnight) of Kartika, the eighth month of the Vikram Samvat Hindu calendar or the Shalivahana Shaka calendar.
On Vaishaka-Krishna-Chaturdashi (14th), the Moon covers this distance within a single solar day; hence this day is a Kshaya tithi and is not marked on the lunisolar calendar. On Jyeshta-Shukla-Dashami (10th), the Moon covers this distance over the start of two solar days; hence this days is an Adhika tithi and is marked twice on the lunisolar ...
Panchaanga in Kannada Tamil Vakya Panchangam. A panchāngam (Sanskrit: पञ्चाङ्गम्; IAST: pañcāṅgam) is a Hindu calendar and almanac, which follows traditional units of Hindu timekeeping, and presents important dates and their calculations in a tabulated form.
The Hindu calendar is lunisolar but most festival dates are specified using the lunar portion of the calendar. A lunar day is uniquely identified by three calendar elements: māsa (lunar month), pakṣa (lunar fortnight) and tithi (lunar day). Furthermore, when specifying the masa, one of two traditions are applicable, viz. amānta ...