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  2. Size of groups, organizations, and communities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Size_of_groups...

    Herbert Thelen proposed a principle that for members of groups to have maximum motivation to perform, the number of members in each should be the smallest "in which it is possible to have represented at a functional level all the social and achievement skills required for the particular required activity." [2]

  3. Sample size determination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sample_size_determination

    The table shown on the right can be used in a two-sample t-test to estimate the sample sizes of an experimental group and a control group that are of equal size, that is, the total number of individuals in the trial is twice that of the number given, and the desired significance level is 0.05. [4]

  4. Participant observation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Participant_observation

    Researcher becomes a member of the group by fully embracing skills and customs for the sake of complete comprehension: This method permits the researcher to become more involved in the population. There is a risk of "going native" as the researcher strives for an in-depth understanding of the population studied. [9] [16] [17] Complete Participation

  5. Member check - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Member_check

    In qualitative research, a member check, also known as informant feedback or respondent validation, is a technique used by researchers to help improve the accuracy, credibility, validity, and transferability (also known as applicability, internal validity, [1] or fittingness) of a study. [2]

  6. Dunbar's number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunbar's_number

    Dunbar's number has become of interest in anthropology, evolutionary psychology, [12] statistics, and business management.For example, developers of social software are interested in it, as they need to know the size of social networks their software needs to take into account; and in the modern military, operational psychologists seek such data to support or refute policies related to ...

  7. Sampling (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampling_(statistics)

    A visual representation of the sampling process. In statistics, quality assurance, and survey methodology, sampling is the selection of a subset or a statistical sample (termed sample for short) of individuals from within a statistical population to estimate characteristics of the whole population.

  8. Research question - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_question

    Continuing the research process, the investigator then carries out the research necessary to answer the research question, whether this involves reading secondary sources over a few days for an undergraduate term paper or carrying out primary research over years for a major project. When the research is complete and the researcher knows the ...

  9. Participatory action research - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Participatory_action_research

    Action research in the workplace took its initial inspiration from Lewin's work on organizational development (and Dewey's emphasis on learning from experience). Lewin's seminal contribution involves a flexible, scientific approach to planned change that proceeds through a spiral of steps, each of which is composed of 'a circle of planning, action, and fact-finding about the result of the ...