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x b axis - positive out the nose of the aircraft in the plane of symmetry of the aircraft; z b axis - perpendicular to the x b axis, in the plane of symmetry of the aircraft, positive below the aircraft; y b axis - perpendicular to the x b,z b-plane, positive determined by the right-hand rule (generally, positive out the right wing) Wind frame
The attitude indicator (AI), also known as the gyro horizon or artificial horizon, is a flight instrument that informs the pilot of the aircraft orientation relative to Earth's horizon, and gives an immediate indication of the smallest orientation change. The miniature aircraft and horizon bar mimic the relationship of the aircraft relative to ...
Flight dynamics is the science of air-vehicle orientation and control in three dimensions. The critical flight dynamics parameters are the angles of rotation with respect to the three aircraft's principal axes about its center of gravity, known as roll, pitch and yaw.
Changing orientation of a rigid body is the same as rotating the axes of a reference frame attached to it.. In geometry, the orientation, attitude, bearing, direction, or angular position of an object – such as a line, plane or rigid body – is part of the description of how it is placed in the space it occupies. [1]
The attitude is described by attitude coordinates, and consists of at least three coordinates. [ 1 ] While from a geometrical point of view the different methods to describe orientations are defined using only some reference frames, in engineering applications it is important also to describe how these frames are attached to the lab and the ...
An attitude and heading reference system (AHRS) consists of sensors on three axes that provide attitude information for aircraft, including roll, pitch, and yaw. These are sometimes referred to as MARG (Magnetic, Angular Rate, and Gravity) [ 1 ] sensors and consist of either solid-state or microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) gyroscopes ...
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In geology, strike and dip is a measurement convention used to describe the plane orientation or attitude of a planar geologic feature. A feature's strike is the azimuth of an imagined horizontal line across the plane, and its dip is the angle of inclination (or depression angle ) measured downward from horizontal. [ 1 ]