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There is variation in the methodology for diagnosis of trigger points and a dearth of theory to explain how they arise and why they produce specific patterns of referred pain. [2] Compression of a trigger point may elicit local tenderness, referred pain, or local twitch response. The local twitch response is not the same as a muscle spasm. This ...
Symptoms of a myofascial trigger point include: focal point tenderness, reproduction of pain upon trigger point palpation, hardening of the muscle upon trigger point palpation, pseudo-weakness of the involved muscle, referred pain, and limited range of motion following approximately 5 seconds of sustained trigger point pressure. [2]
[2] [3] [4] It is accompanied by the superior gluteal artery and the superior gluteal vein. [2] It passes lateral-ward in between the gluteus medius muscle and the gluteus minimus muscle, [1] [5] accompanied by the deep branch of the superior gluteal artery. It divides into a superior branch and an inferior branch. [5] [1]
[2] [3] It is the third branch of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus. [4] [5] It gives branches to 2 muscles: subscapularis muscle. [2] It usually gives 4 branches to innervate the subscapularis, and can give up to 8 branches. [1] teres major muscle. [2] [3]
The subscapularis is covered by a dense fascia which attaches to the scapula at the margins of the subscapularis' attachment (origin) on the scapula. [1] The muscle's fibers pass laterally from its origin before coalescing into a tendon of insertion. [citation needed] The tendon intermingles with the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint capsule. [1]
These exercises are used to increase stability, strength and range of motion of the subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor muscles within the rotator cuff. [26] Passive exercises include internal and external rotation of the shoulder joint, as well as flexion and extension of the shoulder.
The lower subscapular nerve contains two branches. One branch inserts into the lower portion of the subscapularis muscle and the other branch inserts into the teres major. In some individuals, accessory upper subscapular nerve or accessory lower subscapular nerve may be found. [2]
Snapping (grating) scapula . Snapping scapula syndrome, also known as scapulocostal syndrome or scapulothoracic syndrome, is described by a "grating, grinding, popping or snapping sensation of the scapula onto the back side of the ribs or thoracic area of the spine" (Hauser).