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Industrial symbiosis is a subset of industrial ecology, with a particular focus on material and energy exchange. Industrial ecology is a relatively new field that is based on a natural paradigm, claiming that an industrial ecosystem may behave in a similar way to the natural ecosystem wherein everything gets recycled, albeit the simplicity and ...
Her current research addresses industrial ecology, business/environment issues, waste management, and environmental technology innovation. [3] She is a pioneer in the area of industrial symbiosis, [4] a sub-field of Industrial ecology that is focused on the shared management of resources by companies in relative geographic proximity. [5]
The same author in 1970 talks about "The Next Industrial Revolution" [7] The concept of material and energy sharing and reuse is central to his proposal for a new industrial revolution and he cites agro-industrial symbiosis as a practical way for achieving this:
The Kalundborg Eco-Industrial Park is the first full realization of industrial symbiosis. [1] The collaboration and its environmental implications arose unintentionally through private initiatives, as opposed to government planning, making it a model for private planning of eco-industrial parks. [ 2 ]
Treating productive organizations as complex adaptive systems allows for new management models that address economical, social and environmental benefits (Pisek and Wilson, 2001.) [11] In that field, cluster theory (Porter, 1990) [12] evolved in more environmentally sensitive theories, like industrial ecology (Frosh and Gallopoulos, 1989) [13] and industrial symbiosis (Chertow, 2000). [14]
Industrial ecology (IE) is the study of material and energy flows through industrial systems. The global industrial economy can be modelled as a network of industrial processes that extract resources from the Earth and transform those resources into by-products , products and services which can be bought and sold to meet the needs of humanity.
For example, a basic biology taxonomy would have concepts such as mammal, which is a subset of animal, and dogs and cats, which are subsets of mammal. This kind of taxonomy is called an is-a model because the specific objects are considered as instances of a concept. For example, Fido is-an instance of the concept dog and Fluffy is-a cat. [23]
System scientists, for example in industrial ecology, use the concept as paradigm to study the flow of materials or energy through the industrial system in order to better understand supply chains, the sources and causes of emissions, and the linkages between the industrial and the wider socio-technological system. [2]