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  2. Trotskyism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trotskyism

    Lenin himself never mentioned the concept of "Trotskyism" after Trotsky became a member of the Bolshevik party. [23] Trotsky was the Red Army's paramount leader in the Revolutionary period's direct aftermath. Trotsky initially opposed some aspects of Leninism [24] [25] but eventually concluded that unity between the Mensheviks and Bolsheviks ...

  3. Leon Trotsky - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Trotsky

    Trotsky initially sided with the Mensheviks against Lenin's Bolsheviks in the party's 1903 schism, but declared himself non-factional in 1904. During the 1905 Revolution, Trotsky returned to Russia and was elected chairman of the Saint Petersburg Soviet. He was again exiled to Siberia, but escaped in 1907 and lived in Europe and the U.S.

  4. Mensheviks - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mensheviks

    When Bolshevik leaders Lev Kamenev, Vladimir Lenin, Leon Trotsky, Joseph Stalin, and Matvei Muranov returned to Petrograd from Siberian exile in early March 1917 and assumed the leadership of the Bolshevik Party, they began exploring the idea of a complete re-unification of Bolsheviks and Mensheviks at the national level, which Menshevik ...

  5. Bolshevism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolshevism

    At the Fifth Congress, the Central Committee was elected, which, due to disagreements between the Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks, turned out to be unworkable, and the Bolshevik Center, headed by Vladimir Lenin, which was created during the Congress by Bolshevik delegates at one of its factional meetings, arbitrarily took over the leadership of ...

  6. Two-stage theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-stage_theory

    In Russia, the Mensheviks believed the two-stage theory applied to Tsarist Russia. They were criticized by Leon Trotsky in what became the theory of permanent revolution in 1905. Later when the two-stage theory re-appeared in the Soviet Union after the death of Vladimir Lenin , the theory of permanent revolution was supported by the Left ...

  7. Trotsky: A Biography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trotsky:_A_Biography

    Prior to the publication of Trotsky: A Biography, Service had written a number of historical studies and biographies of Russia in the period of revolution: The Bolshevik Party in Revolution 1917-23: A Study in Organizational Change (1979), A History of Twentieth-Century Russia (1997), The Russian Revolution, 1900-27 (1999), A History of Modern Russia, from Nicholas II to Putin (1998, Second ...

  8. Bolsheviks - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolsheviks

    The Mensheviks organised a rival conference and the split was thus finalized. The Bolsheviks played a relatively minor role in the 1905 Revolution and were a minority in the Saint Petersburg Soviet of Workers' Deputies led by Trotsky. However, the less significant Moscow Soviet was dominated by the Bolsheviks.

  9. Bolshevization of the soviets - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolshevization_of_the_Soviets

    According to Trotsky, the Mensheviks and Socialist Revolutionaries by the establishment of the Pre-Parliament intended "to painlessly transfer Soviet legality into bourgeois-parliamentary legality". At the same time, a number of Bolsheviks, primarily Kamenev and Ryazanov, opposed the boycott of the Pre-Parliament.