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Allograft bone is a logical alternative to autograft. However, it must be rigorously processed and terminally sterilized prior to implantation to remove the risk of disease transmission or an immunological response. This processing removes the osteogenic and osteoinductive properties of the graft, leaving only an osteoconductive scaffold. These ...
Bone graft procedures consist of more than just the surgery itself. The complete three-month total cost of a complex posterolateral lumbar spine fusion bone graft supplemented with graft extenders ranges from a mean of approximately US$33,860 to US$37,227. [33] This price includes all visits in and out of the hospital for three months.
Spinal fusion, also called spondylodesis or spondylosyndesis, is a surgery performed by orthopaedic surgeons or neurosurgeons that joins two or more vertebrae. [1] This procedure can be performed at any level in the spine (cervical, thoracic, lumbar, or sacral) and prevents any movement between the fused vertebrae.
Bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP) should not be routinely used in any type of anterior cervical spine fusion, such as with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. [2] [3] There are reports of this therapy causing swelling of soft tissue which in turn can cause life-threatening complications due to difficulty swallowing and pressure on the respiratory tract.
In the United States, more than 6.5 million bone defects and more than 3 million facial injury cases have been reported each year. More than 2.2 million bone graft procedures are performed worldwide per year. The common causes for bone graft are tumor resection, congenital malformation, trauma, fractures, surgery, osteoporosis, and arthritis. [7]
An interbody fusion cage (colloquially known as a "spine cage") is a prosthesis used in spinal fusion procedures to maintain foraminal height and decompression. They are cylindrical or square-shaped devices, and usually threaded.
Patients without neuropathic pain before their surgery did not complain about neuropathic pain afterwards. [2] Hence, allograft treatment does not seem to be a risk factor for this specific problem. Golden standard therapy for transected nerves is an end-to-end repair of the nerve, also known as primary nerve repair.
[8] [19] Alloplasty as a form of reconstructive surgery can be expensive. [15] The need to remove and replace a rejected alloplastic graft or implant increases costs for the patient and prolongs the time the patient must endure the defect of concern. For patients that are successful with alloplasty, may experience long recovery times.
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