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Pentelic marble is calcitic in composition with quartz as an accessory mineral. It is fine grained with sporadic calcitic fossil clasts . [ 2 ] [ 5 ] Pentelic marble is divided into 3 units distinguishable by δ 13 C and δ 18 O values. δ 13 C and δ 18 O values have been used to precisely match marbles from the Acropolis to their source quarries.
Dated from c. 410 – c. 400 BCE, [1] it is made entirely of Pentelic marble. It stands 1.49m high and 0.92m wide, in the form of a naiskos, with pilasters and a pediment featuring palmette acroteria.
Marble is a metamorphic rock consisting of carbonate minerals (most commonly calcite (CaCO 3) or dolomite (CaMg(CO 3) 2) that have recrystallized under the influence of heat and pressure. [1] It has a crystalline texture, and is typically not foliated , although there are exceptions.
The relief is made of Pentelic marble, and it is 2,20 m. tall, 1,52 m. wide, and 15 cm thick. [4] It depicts the three most important figures of the Eleusianian Mysteries; the goddess of agriculture and abundance Demeter, her daughter Persephone queen of the Underworld and the Eleusinian hero Triptolemus, the son of Queen Metanira, [3] [4] in what appears to be a rite. [1]
Statue of a sleeping Maenad, lying on a panther skin spread on a rocky surface; the type is known as the reclining Hermaphrodite; Pentelic marble; found at the south of the Athenian Acropolis; Hadrianic time (117–138 AD), follows a classical trend in Attic art; National Archaeological Museum, Athens.
Above the Doric frieze (triglyphs and metopes) was an overhanging horizontal cornice of twenty-five blocks of marble. The ranking cornices were surmounted by a painted sima (palmettes and golden lotus flowers). Thus, was delimited a long space of 28.35 m and high (in its center) of 3.428 m or 3.47 m to a depth of 0.90 m.
It is dated on stylistic grounds to 410 BCE, and is made of Pentelic marble, while the pillar on which it stands is made of limestone. The relief marks the foundation of a local sanctuary to the river god Kephisos. We have no knowledge of this sanctuary from literary sources, or any indication of archaeological structure in the area where the ...
The Pentelic marble mined from Mount Pentelicus north of Athens, from which the sculptures are made, naturally acquires a tan colour similar to honey when exposed to air; this colouring is often known as the marble's "patina" [91] but Lord Duveen, who financed the whole undertaking, acting under the misconception that the marbles were ...