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Constant-voltage speaker systems are also commonly referred to as 25-, 70-, 70.7-, 100 or 210-volt speaker systems; distributed speaker systems; or high-impedance speaker systems. In Canada and the US, they are most commonly referred to as 70-volt speakers. In Europe, the 100 V system is the most widespread, with amplifier and speaker products ...
This system has a characteristic mass and stiffness, and a resonant frequency at which the system will vibrate freely. This frequency is known as the free-space resonance of the loudspeaker and is designated by F s. At this frequency, the voice coil is vibrating in the speaker's magnetic field with maximum peak-to-peak amplitude and velocity.
This standard is voluntary, and many 8-ohm drivers have resistances of ≈5.5 ohms, and proportionally lower for lower rated impedances. Measured in henries (H), this is the inductance of the voice coil. The voice coil is a lossy inductor, in part due to losses in the pole piece, so the apparent inductance changes with frequency.
The term loudspeaker may refer to individual transducers (also known as drivers) or to complete speaker systems consisting of an enclosure and one or more drivers.. To adequately and accurately reproduce a wide range of frequencies with even coverage, most loudspeaker systems employ more than one driver, particularly for higher sound pressure level (SPL) or maximum accuracy.
Speaker wire is a passive electrical component described by its electrical impedance, Z.The impedance can be broken up into three properties which determine its performance: the real part of the impedance, or the resistance, and the imaginary component of the impedance: capacitance or inductance.
The coil and the driver's magnetic system interact in a manner similar to a solenoid, generating a mechanical force that moves the coil (and thus, the attached cone). Application of alternating current moves the cone back and forth, accelerating and reproducing sound under the control of the applied electrical signal coming from the amplifier.
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Connecting a low-impedance load such as a loudspeaker (usually 4 to 8 Ω) to a line out will essentially short circuit the output circuit. Such loads are around 1/1000 the impedance a line out is designed to drive, so the line out is usually not designed to source the current that would be drawn by a 4 to 8 ohm load at normal line out signal ...