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Russulaceae are also an important group of orchid mycorrhizal fungi. [94] This symbiosis is mutualistic in the case of green orchids, [ 89 ] but a partly or fully epiparasitic relationship in the case of myco-heterotrophic [ 95 ] [ 96 ] and mixotrophic [ 97 ] orchids, respectively.
Presence of large spherical cells, 'sphaerocysts', in the stipe is an important characteristic feature to distinguish the members of Russulaceae from other mushrooms. In Russula, the stipe breaks like the flesh of an apple, while in most other families it only breaks into fibres. [13] The spore powder varies from white to cream, or even orange.
The Russulales are an order of the Agaricomycetes, (which include the agaric genera Russula and Lactarius and their polyporoid and corticioid relatives). According to the Dictionary of the Fungi (10th edition, 2008), the order consists of 12 families, 80 genera, and 1767 species. [2]
Russula integra, commonly known as the entire russula, is a species of mushroom.The fungus stems from the huge genus of Russula.It is found in conifer forests across Europe and throughout North America.
Russula persanguinea is a species of agaric fungus in the family Russulaceae. [1] Described as new to science by John Burton Cleland in 1933, [2] it is found in Australia, where it grows singly or in small groups on the ground in eucalypt forests and woodlands. It resembles the common Northern Hemisphere species Russula emetica. [3]
Russula sanguinaria, commonly known as the bloody brittlegill or rosey russula, [1] is a strikingly coloured mushroom of the genus Russula, which has the common name of brittlegills.
The cap is dull yellow and 5–12 cm (2–4.5 in) wide, initially convex, later flat, or slightly depressed. The cap margin becomes furrowed when mature, and it is two-thirds peeling.
Russula silvicola is a species of agaric fungus in the family Russulaceae. [1] Found in North America, it was described as new to science in 1975. [2] It is considered inedible. It has a strong peppery flavor. [3]