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The halogens (/ ˈ h æ l ə dʒ ə n, ˈ h eɪ-,-l oʊ-,-ˌ dʒ ɛ n / [1] [2] [3]) are a group in the periodic table consisting of six chemically related elements: fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and the radioactive elements astatine (At) and tennessine (Ts), though some authors [4] would exclude tennessine as its chemistry is unknown and is theoretically expected to ...
Halogens are so named due to their potential to form salts, and form many simple strong acids with hydrogen. Out of the four stable halogens, only fluorine and chlorine have reduction potentials higher than that of oxygen, allowing them to form hydrofluoric acid and hydrochloric acid directly through reaction with water. [17]
The properties of water have historically been used to define various temperature scales. Notably, the Kelvin, Celsius, Rankine, and Fahrenheit scales were, or currently are, defined by the freezing and boiling points of water. The less common scales of Delisle, Newton, Réaumur, and Rømer were defined similarly.
Common oxidizing agents are oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, and the halogens. In one sense, an oxidizing agent is a chemical species that undergoes a chemical reaction in which it gains one or more electrons. In that sense, it is one component in an oxidation–reduction (redox) reaction. In the second sense, an oxidizing agent is a chemical species ...
In chemistry, halogenation is a chemical reaction which introduces one or more halogens into a chemical compound. Halide-containing compounds are pervasive, making this type of transformation important, e.g. in the production of polymers, drugs. [1] This kind of conversion is in fact so common that a comprehensive overview is challenging.
Alkali metal halides, or alkali halides, are the family of inorganic compounds with the chemical formula MX, where M is an alkali metal and X is a halogen.These compounds are the often commercially significant sources of these metals and halides.
Upon dissolution in water, which is highly exothermic, the hydrogen halides give the corresponding acids. These acids are very strong, reflecting their tendency to ionize in aqueous solution yielding hydronium ions (H 3 O +). With the exception of hydrofluoric acid, the hydrogen halides are strong acids, with acid strength increasing down the ...
Water molecules have two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. While H 2 is not very reactive under standard conditions, it does form compounds with most elements. Hydrogen can form compounds with elements that are more electronegative, such as halogens (F, Cl, Br, I), or oxygen; in these compounds hydrogen takes on a partial positive charge. [1]