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  2. Kurtosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurtosis

    Excess kurtosis, typically compared to a value of 0, characterizes the “tailedness” of a distribution. A univariate normal distribution has an excess kurtosis of 0. Negative excess kurtosis indicates a platykurtic distribution, which doesn’t necessarily have a flat top but produces fewer or less extreme outliers than the normal distribution.

  3. Normal probability plot - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_probability_plot

    The normal probability plot is a graphical technique to identify substantive departures from normality.This includes identifying outliers, skewness, kurtosis, a need for transformations, and mixtures.

  4. Beta distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta_distribution

    The plot of excess kurtosis as a function of the variance and the mean shows that the minimum value of the excess kurtosis (−2, which is the minimum possible value for excess kurtosis for any distribution) is intimately coupled with the maximum value of variance (1/4) and the symmetry condition: the mean occurring at the midpoint (μ = 1/2

  5. Multimodal distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimodal_distribution

    The kurtosis is here defined to be the standardised fourth moment around the mean. The value of b lies between 0 and 1. [27] The logic behind this coefficient is that a bimodal distribution with light tails will have very low kurtosis, an asymmetric character, or both – all of which increase this coefficient. The formula for a finite sample ...

  6. Gamma distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_distribution

    For example, at =, = and =, (). A workaround is to instead have the data in logarithmic format. A workaround is to instead have the data in logarithmic format. In order to test an implementation of a maximum-likelihood estimator that takes logarithmic data as input, it is useful to be able to generate non-underflowing logarithms of random gamma ...

  7. Skewness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skewness

    Example distribution with positive skewness. These data are from experiments on wheat grass growth. In probability theory and statistics, skewness is a measure of the asymmetry of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable about its mean. The skewness value can be positive, zero, negative, or undefined.

  8. Method of moments (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Method_of_moments_(statistics)

    In statistics, the method of moments is a method of estimation of population parameters.The same principle is used to derive higher moments like skewness and kurtosis.. It starts by expressing the population moments (i.e., the expected values of powers of the random variable under consideration) as functions of the parameters of interest.

  9. L-moment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L-moment

    For instance, the Laplace distribution has a kurtosis of 6 and weak exponential tails, but a larger 4th L-moment ratio than e.g. the student-t distribution with d.f.=3, which has an infinite kurtosis and much heavier tails. As an example consider a dataset with a few data points and one outlying data value.