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  2. Good and evil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_and_evil

    Good is a broad concept often associated with life, charity, continuity, happiness, love, or justice. Evil is often associated with conscious and deliberate wrongdoing, discrimination designed to harm others, humiliation of people designed to diminish their psychological needs and dignity, destructiveness, and acts of unnecessary or ...

  3. Reciprocity (social and political philosophy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reciprocity_(social_and...

    He proposes that the highest or best form of friendship involves a relationship between equals – one in which a genuinely reciprocal relationship is possible. This thread appears throughout the history of Western ethics in discussions of personal and social relationships of many sorts: between children and parents, spouses, humans and other ...

  4. Philosophy of love - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_love

    The roots of the classical philosophy of love go back to Plato's Symposium. [3] Plato's Symposium digs deeper into the idea of love and bringing different interpretations and points of view in order to define love. [4] Plato singles out three main threads of love that have continued to influence the philosophies of love that followed.

  5. Religious responses to the problem of evil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_responses_to_the...

    Religious responses to the problem of evil are concerned with reconciling the existence of evil and suffering with an omnipotent, omnibenevolent, and omniscient God. [1] [2] The problem of evil is acute for monotheistic religions such as Christianity, Islam, and Judaism whose religion is based on such a God.

  6. Love - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love

    Love is considered to be both positive and negative, with its virtue representing human kindness, compassion, and affection—"the unselfish, loyal, and benevolent concern for the good of another"—and its vice representing a human moral flaw akin to vanity, selfishness, amour-propre, and egotism.

  7. Problem of evil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_of_evil

    The fourth-century theologian Augustine of Hippo adopted the privation theory, and in his Enchiridion on Faith, Hope and Love, maintained that evil exists as "absence of the good". [66] God is a spiritual, (not corporeal), Being who is sovereign over other lesser beings because God created material reality ex nihilo .

  8. Atheist's wager - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atheist's_wager

    Martin's wager states that if one were to analyze their options in regard to how to live their life, they would arrive at the following possibilities: [2] [5] You may live a good life and believe in a god, and a benevolent god exists, in which case you go to heaven: your gain is infinite.

  9. Dualism in cosmology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dualism_in_cosmology

    Moral dualism is the belief of the great complement or conflict between the benevolent and the malevolent. Like ditheism/bitheism (see below), moral dualism does not imply the absence of monist or monotheistic principles. Moral dualism simply implies that there are two moral opposites at work, independent of any interpretation of what might be ...