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  2. Pessimism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pessimism

    The term pessimism derives from the Latin word pessimus, meaning 'the worst'.It was first used by Jesuit critics of Voltaire's 1759 novel Candide, ou l'Optimisme.Voltaire was satirizing the philosophy of Leibniz who maintained that this was the 'best (optimum) of all possible worlds'.

  3. Philosophical pessimism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophical_pessimism

    Pessimistic sentiments can be found throughout religions and in the works of various philosophers. The major developments in the tradition started with the works of German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer, who was the first to provide an explanation for why there is so much misery in the world and construct a complete philosophical system in ...

  4. Optimism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optimism

    Pessimistic explanations attribute these traits of stability, globality, and internality to negative events, such as relationship difficulty. [21] Models of optimistic and pessimistic attributions show that attributions themselves are a cognitive style – individuals who tend to focus on the global explanations do so for all types of events ...

  5. Neuroticism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroticism

    Neuroticism is a personality trait associated with negative emotions. It is one of the Big Five traits. Individuals with high scores on neuroticism are more likely than average to experience such feelings as anxiety, worry, fear, anger, frustration, envy, jealousy, pessimism, guilt, depressed mood, and loneliness. [1]

  6. Duḥkha - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duḥkha

    The literal meaning of duḥkha, as used in a general sense is "suffering" or "painful." [ note 4 ] Its exact translation depends on the context. [ note 5 ] Contemporary translators of Buddhist texts use a variety of English words to convey the aspects of dukh .

  7. It's Been 21 Years Since “That” Shocking “Sex and the City ...

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/21-years-since-shocking...

    It's hard to believe one of Sex and the City's most shocking deaths is old enough to order itself a Cosmopolitan.. In a show full of unforgettable moments, season 6's episode 18, aptly titled ...

  8. Motivation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motivation

    If the instrumentality of a performance is high then the person believes that it will likely result in the intended outcomes. Valence is the degree to which the outcomes are attractive to the person. These three components affect each other in a multiplicative way, meaning that high motivation is only present if all of them are high.

  9. The Flu Virus Can Shape Shift—Here's How You Can Outsmart It

    www.aol.com/flu-virus-shape-shift-heres...

    A new study says the flu A viral strain can adapt shape to stay infectious. Infectious disease doctors break down what this means and how to protect yourself.