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Chymopapain (EC 3.4.22.6, chymopapain A, chymopapain B, chymopapain S, brand name Chymodiactin) is a proteolytic enzyme isolated from the latex of papaya (Carica papaya).It is a cysteine protease which belongs to the papain-like protease (PLCP) group. [1]
The enzyme is deacylated by a water molecule and releases the carboxy terminal portion of the peptide. In immunology, papain is known to cleave the Fc (crystallisable) portion of immunoglobulins (antibodies) from the Fab (antigen-binding) portion. Papain is a relatively heat-resistant enzyme, with an optimal temperature range of 60 to 70 °C. [9]
The papain enzyme present in the milky latex of immature fruits and leaves is often used in the culinary industry as a meat tenderizer since it is a digestive enzyme. [7] Traditionally, the mountain papaya fruit is also prepared as an infused drink including passion fruit, apple, and other fruits and is often sold by street vendors. [citation ...
In the MEROPS protease enzyme classification system, papain-like proteases form Clan CA. [2] Papain-like proteases share a common catalytic dyad active site featuring a cysteine amino acid residue that acts as a nucleophile. [1] The human genome encodes eleven cysteine cathepsins which have a broad range of physiological functions. [3]
The first description of this enzyme was provided by Schack, [1] who named it papaya peptidase A. The same enzyme has since been given a number of different names, including papaya peptidase II, [4] papaya proteinase III [5] and papaya proteinase. [7] The name caricain was recommended by NC-IUBMB in 1992.
Papain is a protease obtained from the latex of the fruit of the papaya tree. It has been used (without regulation) for wound debridement for many years, but in the US in 2008 it was brought under regulation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and removed from sale for this purpose, following reports of adverse effects. On the other hand ...
Actinidain (EC 3.4.22.14, actinidin, Actinidia anionic protease, proteinase A2 of Actinidia chinensis) is a type of cysteine protease enzyme found in fruits including kiwifruit (genus Actinidia), pineapple, mango, banana, figs, and papaya. This enzyme is part of the peptidase C1 family of papain-like proteases. [1] [2] [3] [4]
Papaya Plant and fruit, from Koehler's Medicinal-Plants (1887) Conservation status Data Deficient (IUCN 3.1) Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Eudicots Clade: Rosids Order: Brassicales Family: Caricaceae Genus: Carica Species: C. papaya Binomial name Carica papaya L. The papaya, papaw, is the plant species Carica papaya, one of the 21 ...
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