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In pathology, a contracture is a shortening of muscles, tendons, skin, and nearby soft tissues that causes the joints to shorten and become very stiff, preventing normal movement. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] A contracture is usually permanent, but less commonly can be temporary (such as in McArdle disease ), [ 3 ] or resolve over time but reoccur later in life ...
Muscle injury (such as a large burn or surgery) can cause muscle contractures as internal scar tissue (adhesions and fibrosis) develops. Repetitive muscle injuries (e.g. sports injuries, major muscle strains) and micro-injuries (e.g. overuse injuries, minor muscle strains) can also cause this. Adhesions and fibrosis are made of dense fibrous ...
Causing factors of peroneal nerve palsy are such as musculoskeletal or peroneal nerve injuries. Usually paralysis occurs at the outside of the leg and the top of the foot. Palsy causes decrease of muscle strength to lift the foot, twist ankle outside, and move toes around. Major cause of palsy is due to dislocation of knee.
[18] [19] Neglected or inappropriately treated spasticity can eventually lead to joint contractures. Both spasticity and contractures can cause joint subluxations or dislocations and severe gait difficulties. [20] [15] In the event of contracture there is no role for conservative treatment. Hip dislocation and ankle equinus deformity are known ...
Ankle clonus. Clonus is a set of involuntary and rhythmic muscular contractions and relaxations. Clonus is a sign of certain neurological conditions, particularly associated with upper motor neuron lesions involving descending motor pathways, and in many cases is accompanied by spasticity (another form of hyperexcitability). [1]
Besides being painful, a nocturnal leg cramp can cause much distress and anxiety. [14] The precise cause of these cramps is unclear. Potential contributing factors include dehydration , low levels of certain minerals ( magnesium , potassium , calcium , and sodium , although the evidence has been mixed), [ 15 ] [ 16 ] [ 17 ] and reduced blood ...
Similarly, these patients can get multiple fractures of the knee, ankle or foot, and develop a Charcot joint. Loss of motor function results in dorsiflexion, contractures of the toes, and loss of the interosseous muscle function that leads to contraction of the digits, so-called hammer toes. These contractures occur not only in the foot but ...
The ankle joint marks the point of connection between the bones of the leg and those of the foot, and controls the raising and lowering of the foot. The ankle is often considered to comprise not only the ankle joint itself but also the structures surrounding it at the lower end of the leg and the beginning of the foot proper.