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  2. Timeline of programming languages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_programming...

    none (unique language) 1961 GPSS: Geoffrey Gordon, IBM: none (unique language) 1962 FORTRAN IV: IBM: FORTRAN II 1962 APL (concept) Kenneth E. Iverson: none (unique language) 1962 Simula (concept) Ole-Johan Dahl (mostly) ALGOL 60 1962 SNOBOL: Ralph Griswold, et al. FORTRAN II, COMIT 1963 Combined Programming Language (CPL) (concept)

  3. History of programming languages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_programming...

    John Mauchly's Short Code, proposed in 1949, was one of the first high-level languages ever developed for an electronic computer. [8] Unlike machine code, Short Code statements represented mathematical expressions in understandable form.

  4. Grace Hopper - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grace_Hopper

    She was a pioneer of computer programming. Hopper was the first to devise the theory of machine-independent programming languages, and used this theory to develop the FLOW-MATIC programming language and COBOL, an early high-level programming language still in use today. She was also one of the first programmers on the Harvard Mark I computer ...

  5. Charles Babbage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Babbage

    This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 21 February 2025. English mathematician, philosopher, and engineer (1791–1871) "Babbage" redirects here. For other uses, see Babbage (disambiguation). Charles Babbage KH FRS Babbage in 1860 Born (1791-12-26) 26 December 1791 London, England Died 18 October 1871 (1871-10-18) (aged 79) Marylebone, London ...

  6. List of pioneers in computer science - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_pioneers_in...

    With John Mauchly, designed and built ENIAC, the first modern (all electronic, Turing-complete) computer; and UNIVAC I, the first commercially available computer 1981 Emerson, E. Allen: Developed model checking and formal verification of software and hardware, with Edmund M. Clarke: 1963 Engelbart, Douglas

  7. History of Python - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Python

    Python 3.0 was developed with the same philosophy as in prior versions. However, as Python had accumulated new and redundant ways to program the same task, Python 3.0 had an emphasis on removing duplicative constructs and modules, in keeping with the Zen of Python: "There should be one— and preferably only one —obvious way to do it".

  8. ELIZA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ELIZA

    A conversation with Eliza. ELIZA is an early natural language processing computer program developed from 1964 to 1967 [1] at MIT by Joseph Weizenbaum. [2] [3] Created to explore communication between humans and machines, ELIZA simulated conversation by using a pattern matching and substitution methodology that gave users an illusion of understanding on the part of the program, but had no ...

  9. Information Processing Language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Information_Processing_Language

    Information Processing Language (IPL) is a programming language created by Allen Newell, Cliff Shaw, and Herbert A. Simon at RAND Corporation and the Carnegie Institute of Technology about 1956. Newell had the job of language specifier-application programmer, Shaw was the system programmer, and Simon had the job of application programmer-user.