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Polishing. Polishing is the process of creating a smooth and shiny surface by rubbing it or by applying a chemical treatment, leaving a clean surface with a significant specular reflection (still limited by the index of refraction of the material according to the Fresnel equations). [1] In some materials (such as metals, glasses, black or ...
Polishing is a more aggressive process, while buffing is less harsh, which leads to a smoother, brighter finish. [1] A common misconception is that a polished surface has a mirror-bright finish, however, most mirror-bright finishes are actually buffed.
Electropolishing. Electropolishing, also known as electrochemical polishing, anodic polishing, or electrolytic polishing (especially in the metallography field), is an electrochemical process that removes material from a metallic workpiece, reducing the surface roughness by levelling micro-peaks and valleys, improving the surface finish.
Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) (also called chemical mechanical planarization) is a process of smoothing surfaces with the combination of chemical and mechanical forces. It can be thought of as a hybrid of chemical etching and free abrasive polishing. [1] It is used in the semiconductor industry to polish semiconductor wafers as part of ...
Laser polishing, also referred to as laser re-melting, is a type of micro-melting process employed for improving surface quality of materials. As opposed to other conventional polishing processes, this process does not involve removal of materials from the workpiece surface. In this process, the laser is made incident on the workpiece to melt ...
Polished concrete. Polished concrete is a multi-step process where a concrete floor is mechanically ground, honed and polished with bonded abrasives in order to cut a concrete floor's surface. It is then refined with each cut in order to achieve a specified level of appearance. This process also includes the use of a penetrant chemical known as ...
Abrasive machining. Abrasive machining is a machining process where material is removed from a workpiece using a multitude of small abrasive particles. Common examples include grinding, honing, and polishing. Abrasive processes are usually expensive, but capable of tighter tolerances and better surface finish than other machining processes.
Flame polishing. Flame polishing, also known as fire polishing, is a method of polishing a material, usually glass or thermoplastics, by exposing it to a flame or heat. [ 1] When the surface of the material briefly melts, surface tension smooths the surface. Operator skill is critical with this method.
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