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German revolution of 1918–1919. The German revolution of 1918–1919, also known as the November Revolution (German: Novemberrevolution), was an uprising started by workers and soldiers in the final days of World War I. It quickly and almost bloodlessly brought down the German Empire, then, in its more violent second stage, the supporters of ...
The Berlin March Battles of 1919 (German: Berliner Märzkämpfe), also known as Bloody Week[1] (German: Berliner Blutwoche[2][3]), were the final decisive phase of the German Revolution of 1918–1919. The events were the result of a general strike by the Berlin working class to enforce the widely anticipated socialization of key industries, as ...
Wilhelm II[ b ] (Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor Albert; 27 January 1859 – 4 June 1941) was the last German Emperor and King of Prussia from 1888 until his abdication in 1918, which marked the end of the German Empire as well as the Hohenzollern dynasty's 300-year rule of Prussia. Born during the reign of his granduncle Frederick William IV of ...
The abdication of Wilhelm II as German Emperor and King of Prussia was declared unilaterally by Chancellor Max von Baden at the height of the German revolution on 9 November 1918, two days before the end of World War I. It was formally affirmed by a written statement from Wilhelm on 28 November while he was in exile in Amerongen, the ...
Workers' and soldiers' councils, for which the term "soviets" (German: Räte, singular Rat) was coined, were first set up during the Russian Revolution.The increasingly straitened living standards of German workers under the hardships of World War I made political parties such as the Independent Social Democrats (USPD), which opposed the war, more and more appealing.
In the foreground, Matthias Erzberger, representing the new German government, Major-General Detlof von Winterfeldt (with helmet) of the Imperial German Army, Alfred von Oberndorff, a diplomat at the Foreign Ministry, [1] and Captain Ernst Vanselow of the Imperial German Navy. Wilhelm II, German Emperor, abdicates his throne and flees to the ...
King Ludwig III of Bavaria was overthrown on the same day, making him the first German federal prince to fall. [34] The revolution reached Berlin on 9 November, and on the same day the abdication of Emperor Wilhelm II was proclaimed. By the end of the month, the dynastic rulers of all the other German states had abdicated without bloodshed. [35]
At noon on 9 November Max von Baden, acting in violation of the constitution, unilaterally transferred the office of Reich chancellor to Friedrich Ebert. He in turn asked von Baden to act as imperial regent until a successor to Wilhelm II as German emperor had been appointed. Even though von Baden refused the offer, Ebert continued to assume ...