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Biguanide. Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). ?) Biguanide (/ baɪˈɡwɒnaɪd /) is the organic compound with the formula HN (C (NH)NH 2) 2. It is a colorless solid that dissolves in water to give a highly basic solution.
Phenformin is an antidiabetic drug from the biguanide class. It was marketed as DBI by Ciba-Geigy, but was withdrawn from most markets in the late 1970s due to a high risk of lactic acidosis, which was fatal in 50% of cases. Phenformin was developed in 1957 by Ungar, Freedman and Seymour Shapiro, working for the U.S. Vitamin Corporation.
Later development of nontoxic, safe biguanides led to the long-used first-line diabetes control medicine metformin, introduced to Europe in the 1950s & United States in 1995 and now prescribed to over 17 million patients per year in the US. [14] [15] Guanidinium chloride [14] is a now-controversial adjuvant in treatment of botulism. Recent ...
Buformin hydrochloride is a fine, white to slightly yellow, crystalline, odorless powder, with a weakly acidic bitter taste. Its melting point is 174 to 177 °C, it is a strong base, and is freely soluble in water, methanol and ethanol, but insoluble in chloroform and ether.
Polyaminopropyl biguanide (PAPB) is a polymer containing biguanide group connected with a three methylene (propyl) linker. The polymer is a propyl analogue of polyhexamethylene biguanide. The polymer display some antibacterial activity however much lower than PHMB. [1] As of May 2024, PAPB is not approved as a biocidal active substance under EU ...
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide, PHMB) is a polymer used as a disinfectant and antiseptic. In dermatological use, [4] it is spelled polihexanide (INN) and sold under various brand names. [5] PHMB has been shown to be effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Aspergillus ...
Bisbiguanides are a class of chemically related compounds known for their bactericidal properties. Generally considered to be of the generic formula: R 1 R 2 N.C (:NR 6)NH.C (:NH)NH.CH 2 X-- (CH 2) 3 NH.C (:NH)NH.C (:NR 7)NR 3 R 4 V. [1] These compounds include the antiseptics chlorhexidine and alexidine. They are named for having two biguanide ...
Polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) is a guanidine derivative that is used as a biocidal disinfectant, often in the form of its salt polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG-P). Studies have shown that PHMG in solution has fungicidal as well as bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. [2]