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  2. Sources of electrical energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sources_of_electrical_energy

    Light: Energy produced by light being absorbed by photoelectric cells, or solar power. Chemical: Energy produced by chemical reaction in a voltaic cell, such as an electric battery. Pressure: Energy produced by compressing or decompressing specific crystals. Magnetism: Energy produced in a conductor that cuts or is cut by magnetic lines of ...

  3. Developmental bioelectricity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_bioelectricity

    Developmental bioelectricity is a sub-discipline of biology, related to, but distinct from, neurophysiology and bioelectromagnetics.Developmental bioelectricity refers to the endogenous ion fluxes, transmembrane and transepithelial voltage gradients, and electric currents and fields produced and sustained in living cells and tissues.

  4. Electricity generation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_generation

    About 41% of all electricity is generated this way. [15] Nuclear fission heat created in a nuclear reactor creates steam. Less than 15% of electricity is generated this way. Renewable energy. The steam is generated by biomass, solar thermal energy, or geothermal power. Natural gas: turbines are driven directly by gases produced by combustion.

  5. Electrochemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrochemistry

    The fuel cell can turn the chemical energy bound in hydrocarbon gases or hydrogen and oxygen directly into electrical energy with a much higher efficiency than any combustion process; such devices have powered many spacecraft and are being applied to grid energy storage for the public power system.

  6. Light-dependent reactions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-dependent_reactions

    Cytochrome b 6 f and ATP synthase work together to produce ATP (photophosphorylation) in two distinct ways. In non-cyclic photophosphorylation, cytochrome b 6 f uses electrons from PSII and energy from PSI [citation needed] to pump protons from the stroma to the lumen. The resulting proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane creates a proton ...

  7. Cellular respiration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_respiration

    Respiration is one of the key ways a cell releases chemical energy to fuel cellular activity. The overall reaction occurs in a series of biochemical steps, some of which are redox reactions. Although cellular respiration is technically a combustion reaction , it is an unusual one because of the slow, controlled release of energy from the series ...

  8. Photophosphorylation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photophosphorylation

    All organisms produce a phosphate compound, ATP, which is the universal energy currency of life. In photophosphorylation, light energy is used to pump protons across a biological membrane, mediated by flow of electrons through an electron transport chain. This stores energy in a proton gradient.

  9. Thermogalvanic cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermogalvanic_cell

    A thermogalvanic cell can be seen as analogous to a concentration cell but instead of running on differences in the concentration/pressure of the reactants they make use of differences in the "concentrations" of thermal energy. [6] [7] [8] The principal application of thermogalvanic cells is the production of electricity from low-temperature ...