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The iodine clock reaction is a classical chemical clock demonstration experiment to display chemical kinetics in action; it was discovered by Hans Heinrich Landolt in 1886. [1] The iodine clock reaction exists in several variations, which each involve iodine species ( iodide ion, free iodine, or iodate ion) and redox reagents in the presence of ...
A mobility shift assay is electrophoretic separation of a protein–DNA or protein–RNA mixture on a polyacrylamide or agarose gel for a short period (about 1.5-2 hr for a 15- to 20-cm gel). [4] The speed at which different molecules (and combinations thereof) move through the gel is determined by their size and charge, and to a lesser extent ...
Pulse-chase analysis of auxin signal transduction in an Arabidopsis thaliana wildtype and an axr2-1 mutant. Wild-type and axr2-1 seedlings were labeled with 35S-methionine, and AXR2/axr2-1 protein was immunoprecipitated either immediately after the labeling period (t = 0) or following a 15-minute chase with unlabeled methionine (t = 15).
A column of porous black graphite formed during the experiment. Carbon snake experiment. The carbon snake is a demonstration of the dehydration reaction of sugar by concentrated sulfuric acid. With concentrated sulfuric acid, granulated table sugar performs a degradation reaction which changes its form to a black solid-liquid mixture. [1]
Below is a table of amino acids produced and identified in the "classic" 1952 experiment, as analyzed by Miller in 1952 [3] and more recently by Bada and collaborators with modern mass spectrometry, [7] the 2008 re-analysis of vials from the volcanic spark discharge experiment, [7] [55] and the 2010 re-analysis of vials from the H 2 S-rich ...
SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) is a discontinuous electrophoretic system developed by Ulrich K. Laemmli which is commonly used as a method to separate proteins with molecular masses between 5 and 250 kDa.
Heat from geothermal processes is a standard energy source for chemistry. Other examples include sunlight, lightning, [60] atmospheric entries of micro-meteorites, [168] and implosion of bubbles in sea and ocean waves. [169] This has been confirmed by experiments [170] [171] and simulations. [172]
Because of the very small fusion reaction probability (the fusion cross section is ~ 0.3–0.6 pb or (3–6) × 10 −41 m 2) the experiment took four months and involved a beam dose of 2.5 × 10 19 calcium ions that had to be shot at the californium target to produce the first recorded event believed to be the synthesis of oganesson. [81]