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The Mozingo reduction, also known as Mozingo reaction or thioketal reduction, is a chemical reaction capable of fully reducing a ketone or aldehyde to the corresponding alkane via a dithioacetal. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The reaction scheme is as follows: [ 3 ]
An example is the ozonolysis of eugenol converting the terminal alkene to an aldehyde: [9] By controlling the reaction/workup conditions, unsymmetrical products can be generated from symmetrical alkenes: [10] Using TsOH; sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3); dimethyl sulfide (DMS) gives an aldehyde and a dimethyl acetal
Aldehydes and ketones can be reduced respectively to primary and secondary alcohols. In deoxygenation, the alcohol group can be further reduced and removed altogether by replacement with H. Two broad strategies exist for carbonyl reduction. One method, which is favored in industry, uses hydrogen as the reductant.
The second step is the deoxygenation of the pinacolate, which yields the alkene, this second step exploits the oxophilicity of titanium. A proposed mechanism when TiCl 4 and Zn(Cu) are used for the coupling of benzophenone, as proposed in a reference. [3] Note that the mechanism may vary when different conditions are used.
The Wolff–Kishner reduction is a reaction used in organic chemistry to convert carbonyl functionalities into methylene groups. [1] [2] In the context of complex molecule synthesis, it is most frequently employed to remove a carbonyl group after it has served its synthetic purpose of activating an intermediate in a preceding step.
Deoxygenation is a chemical reaction involving the removal of oxygen atoms from a molecule. The term also refers to the removal of molecular oxygen (O 2 ) from gases and solvents, a step in air-free technique and gas purifiers .
The Strecker degradation is a chemical reaction which converts an α-amino acid into an aldehyde containing the side chain, by way of an imine intermediate. It is named after Adolph Strecker, a German chemist. The original observation by Strecker involved the use of alloxan as the oxidant in the first step, [1] followed by hydrolysis:
An aldol condensation is a condensation reaction in organic chemistry in which two carbonyl moieties (of aldehydes or ketones) react to form a β-hydroxyaldehyde or β-hydroxyketone (an aldol reaction), and this is then followed by dehydration to give a conjugated enone.