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Approximate subsolar point dates vs. latitude superimposed on a world map, the example in blue denoting Lahaina Noon in Honolulu. Template documentation This template displays a graph showing the where Earth's subsolar point relative to the date.
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Each frame represents one hour. In addition, this visualization shows the Moon's orbit position, sub-Earth and subsolar points, and distance from the Earth at true scale. Craters near the terminator are labeled, as are Apollo landing sites, maria, and other albedo features in sunlight.
The subsolar point on a planet or a moon is the point at which its Sun is perceived to be directly overhead (at the zenith); [1] that is, where the Sun's rays strike the planet exactly perpendicular to its surface. The subsolar point occurs at the location on a planet or a moon where the Sun culminates at the location's zenith. This occurs at ...
On the graph, this makes the minima more acute than the maxima. Also, since perihelion and aphelion do not happen on the exact dates as the solstices, the maxima and minima are slightly asymmetrical. The rates of change before and after are not quite equal. Furthermore, Earth's subsolar point only occurs within the tropics.
When this occurs at a given location, the location is Earth's subsolar point. A zero shadow day occurs twice a year for locations in the tropics (between the Tropic of Cancer at approximate latitude 23.4° N and the Tropic of Capricorn at approximately 23.4° S) when the Sun's declination becomes equal to the latitude of the location, so that ...