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To further classify spasmodic torticollis, one can note the position of the head. Torticollis is the horizontal turning (rotational collis) of the head, and uses the ipsilateral splenius, and contralateral sternocleidomastoid muscles. This is the "chin-to-shoulder" version. Laterocollis is the tilting of the head from side to side.
Torticollis can happen when there are issues with the sternocleidomastoid muscle, like if it's too short, causing the head and neck to be in an odd position. [25] Torticollis can also be caused by problems with bones, muscles, or the spine in the neck, leading to difficulty moving the head and neck normally. [25]
Rhythmic movement disorder (RMD) is a neurological disorder characterized by repetitive movements of large muscle groups immediately before and during sleep often involving the head and neck. It was independently described first in 1905 by Zappert as jactatio capitis nocturna and by Cruchet as rhythmie du sommeil . [ 1 ]
Eagle syndrome (also termed stylohyoid syndrome, [1] styloid syndrome, [2] stylalgia, [3] styloid-stylohyoid syndrome, [2] or styloid–carotid artery syndrome) [4] is an uncommon condition commonly characterized but not limited to sudden, sharp nerve-like pain in the jaw bone and joint, back of the throat, and base of the tongue, triggered by swallowing, moving the jaw, or turning the neck. [1]
Neck-tongue syndrome (NTS), which was first recorded in 1980, [1] is a rare disorder characterized by neck pain with or without tingling and numbness of the tongue on the same side as the neck pain. [2] Sharp lateral movement of the head triggers the pain, usually lasting from a few seconds to a few minutes. Headaches may occur with the onset ...
The patient rotates their head to the affected side and extends their neck, while the examiners applies downward pressure to the top of the patient's head. A positive Spurling's sign is when the pain arising in the neck radiates in the direction of the corresponding dermatome ipsilaterally. [1] It is a type of cervical compression test.
Delayed onset Lhermitte's sign has been reported following head and/or neck trauma. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] This occurs ~2 1/2 months following injury, without associated neurological symptoms or pain, and typically resolves within 1 year.
The patient lies on their back on a bed with their head overhanging the bed. In the first step the head is turned as backward (hanging) as possible. In the following step, the patient remains lying but lifts their head with the chin close to the chest. In the last step, the patient sits upright with the head in the normal position.