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Prediabetes, often considered the step before diabetes, is when you have higher than usual blood glucose (blood sugar) levels. Your levels aren’t high enough to be classified as type 2 diabetes.
Acarbose [1] [2] is an anti-diabetic drug used to treat diabetes mellitus type 2 and, in some countries, prediabetes.It is a generic sold in Europe and China as Glucobay (), in North America as Precose (Bayer Pharmaceuticals), and in Canada as Prandase ().
Prediabetes is a component of metabolic syndrome and is characterized by elevated blood sugar levels that fall below the threshold to diagnose diabetes mellitus.It usually does not cause symptoms but people with prediabetes often have obesity (especially abdominal or visceral obesity), dyslipidemia with high triglycerides and/or low HDL cholesterol, and hypertension. [1]
The term "biguanidine" often refers specifically to a class of drugs that function as oral antihyperglycemic drugs used for diabetes mellitus or prediabetes treatment. [4] Examples include: Metformin - widely used in treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2; Phenformin - withdrawn from the market in most countries due to toxic effects
Diabetes mellitus cases due to a known defect are classified separately. Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes mellitus accounting for 95% of diabetes. [2] Many people with type 2 diabetes have evidence of prediabetes (impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance) before meeting the criteria for type 2 diabetes. [60]
One of the most common drugs used in T2D, metformin is the drug of choice to help patients lower their blood sugar levels. Metformin is an example of a class of medicine called biguanides. [34] The medication works by reducing the new creation of glucose from the liver and by reducing absorption of sugar from food. [34]
Drugs used in diabetes treat types of diabetes mellitus by decreasing glucose levels in the blood. With the exception of insulin , most GLP-1 receptor agonists ( liraglutide , exenatide , and others), and pramlintide , all diabetes medications are administered orally and are thus called oral hypoglycemic agents or oral antihyperglycemic agents.
Numerous studies suggest connections between some aspects of type 2 diabetes with ingestion of certain foods or with some drugs. Breastfeeding may also be associated with the prevention of type 2 diabetes in mothers. [15] Some evidence relates consumption of coffee with prevention of type 2 diabetes. However, it is unclear if coffee causes any ...