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Northern Vietnam lowland rain forests; Red River freshwater swamp forests; South China-Vietnam subtropical evergreen forests; Southern Annamites montane rain forests; Tonle Sap freshwater swamp forests; Tonle Sap-Mekong peat swamp forests
The geology of Vietnam is divided into five structural blocks : Northeast (NE), Northwest (NW), Truongson, Kon Tum and Nambo. The NE block is a part of the South China plate , in which strata and igneous rocks have been found dating from the Early Paleozoic to the Quaternary .
The ecoregion consists of an area of plateau and low river basin in Cambodia, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam and Myanmar and includes: . In Thailand the large Khorat Plateau, the higher elevation plains of the Chao Phraya River basin, the foothills of the Tenasserim Hills and other dry areas of the lower slopes of the Khun Tan, Phi Pan Nam and Phetchabun mountain ranges of the north of the country.
The Northern Indochina subtropical forests occupy the highlands of northern Indochina, extending from northeastern Vietnam, where they cover the upper portion of the Red River watershed and the northern Annamite Range, across northern Laos, northernmost Thailand, and southeastern Yunnan to Shan State in eastern Myanmar.
The Northern Vietnam lowland rain forests ecoregion (WWF ID: IM0141) covers the central-eastern coast of Vietnam from the Red River delta in the north to Tam Kỳ in the center of the country and neighboring adjacent parts of Laos. The region is one of the wet evergreen forests, with rain over 50 mm in every month.
The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) divides Indomalayan realm into three bio-regions, which it defines as "geographic clusters of eco-regions that may span several habitat types, but have strong biogeographic affinities, particularly at taxonomic levels higher than the species level (genus, family)".
The ecoregion stretches from the northeastern corner of Vietnam, across the lower half of southeastern China, and down into coastal Hainan Island. To the north is the watershed of the Pearl River, and to the south is the South China Sea. The terrain is mountainous for the most part, except along the coasts and around the Leizhou Peninsula
Vietnam map of Köppen climate classification Hundreds of active fires burning across the hills and valleys of Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam (labelled with red dots). Vietnam's climate, being located in the tropics and strongly influenced by the South China Sea has a monsoon-influenced climate typical of that of mainland Southeast Asia.