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One complete orbit takes 365.256 days (1 sidereal year), during which time Earth has traveled 940 million km (584 million mi). [2] Ignoring the influence of other Solar System bodies, Earth's orbit, also called Earth's revolution, is an ellipse with the Earth–Sun barycenter as one focus with a current eccentricity of 0.0167. Since this value ...
Escape speed from Earth by NASA New Horizons spacecraft—Fastest escape velocity. 17,000: 61,000: 38,000 0.00006: The approximate speed of the Voyager 1 probe relative to the Sun, when it exited the Solar System. [25] 29,800: 107,280: 66,700 0.00010: Speed of the Earth in orbit around the Sun. 47,800: 172,100: 106,900 0.00016
In gravitationally bound systems, the orbital speed of an astronomical body or object (e.g. planet, moon, artificial satellite, spacecraft, or star) is the speed at which it orbits around either the barycenter (the combined center of mass) or, if one body is much more massive than the other bodies of the system combined, its speed relative to the center of mass of the most massive body.
from geostationary orbit to Earth: 119 ms: the length of Earth's equator: 134 ms: from Moon to Earth: 1.3 s: from Sun to Earth (1 AU) 8.3 min: one light year: 1.0 year: one parsec: 3.26 years: from nearest star to Sun (1.3 pc) 4.2 years: from the nearest galaxy (the Canis Major Dwarf Galaxy) to Earth: 25 000 years: across the Milky Way: 100 000 ...
One galactic year is approximately 225 million Earth years. [2] The Solar System is traveling at an average speed of 230 km/s (828,000 km/h) or 143 mi/s (514,000 mph) within its trajectory around the Galactic Center, [ 3 ] a speed at which an object could circumnavigate the Earth's equator in 2 minutes and 54 seconds; that speed corresponds to ...
For example, the Sun is north of the celestial equator for about 185 days of each year, and south of it for about 180 days. [7] The variation of orbital speed accounts for part of the equation of time. [8] Because of the movement of Earth around the Earth–Moon center of mass, the apparent path of the Sun wobbles slightly, with a period of ...
the Earth's surface Speed Orbital period Specific orbital energy; Earth's own rotation at surface (for comparison; not an orbit) 6,378 km: 0 km: 465.1 m/s (1,674 km/h or 1,040 mph) 23 h 56 min 4.09 sec: −62.6 MJ/kg: Orbiting at Earth's surface (equator) theoretical 6,378 km: 0 km: 7.9 km/s (28,440 km/h or 17,672 mph) 1 h 24 min 18 sec
For a satellite orbiting the Earth directly above the Equator, the plane of the satellite's orbit is the same as the Earth's equatorial plane, and the satellite's orbital inclination is 0°. The general case for a circular orbit is that it is tilted, spending half an orbit over the northern hemisphere and half over the southern.