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The Jutaku phenomenon rose in the 1990s as Japan's real estate sites grew increasingly smaller, both from the Japanese inheritance system and the island's growing population. [2] [1] According to the architect Kengo Kuma, the first traces of Jutaku appear in the writings of the poet Kamo no Chōmei and the description of his own small house. [3]
In the Azuchi-Momoyama period not only sukiya style but the contrasting shoin-zukuri (書院造) of residences of the warrior class developed. While sukiya was a small space, simple and austere, shoin-zukuri style was that of large, magnificent reception areas, the setting for the pomp and ceremony of the feudal lords.
Literally, shoji means "small obstructing thing" (障子; it might be translated as "screen"), and though this use is now obsolete, [4] shoji was originally used for a variety of sight-obstructing panels, screens, or curtains, [4] many portable, [94] either free-standing or hung from lintels, [95] used to divide the interior space of buildings ...
The simplicity of Japanese dwellings contrasted the oft-esteemed excessive decoration of the West. The influence of Japanese design was thus not so much that it was directly copied but rather, "the west discovered the quality of space in traditional Japanese architecture through a filter of western architectural values". [96]
Tsubo-niwa are used to provide a touch of nature, connect the outdoors to the indoors, and make an indoor space seem larger; [6] they can also act as light wells. [1] Several tsubo-niwa are used to provide passive ventilation in an otherwise small home, allowing a breeze to blow through the living space [6] (see tablinum).
Danchi (団地, lit. "group land") is the Japanese word for a large cluster of apartment buildings of a particular style and design, typically built as public housing by a government authority. The Japan Housing Corporation (JHC), now known as the Urban Renaissance Agency (UR), was founded in 1955.
Shoin-zukuri (Japanese: 書院造, 'study room architecture') is a style of Japanese architecture developed in the Muromachi, Azuchi–Momoyama and Edo periods that forms the basis of today's traditional-style Japanese houses.
In Japanese architecture, fusuma are vertical rectangular panels which can slide from side to side to redefine spaces within a room, or act as doors. [1] They typically measure about 90 cm (2 ft 11 in) wide by 180 cm (5 ft 11 in) tall, the same size as a tatami mat, and are 2–3 cm (0.79–1.18 in) thick.