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Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. GISTs arise in the smooth muscle pacemaker interstitial cell of Cajal, or similar cells. [2] They are defined as tumors whose behavior is driven by mutations in the KIT gene (85%), [2] PDGFRA gene (10%), [2] or BRAF kinase (rare).
The prognosis for these types of tumors depends heavily on the size of the tumor and the rate of mitosis, however approximately 60 percent of GISTs are diagnosed as benign. [4] Surgery to remove the tumor is the primary treatment method, although imatinib, everolimus, and rapamycin may soon be approved as alternative treatment and management ...
Cancer of the stomach is difficult to cure unless it is found at an early stage (before it has begun to spread). Unfortunately, because early stomach cancer causes few symptoms, the disease is usually advanced when the diagnosis is made. [80] Treatment for stomach cancer may include surgery, [81] chemotherapy, [13] or radiation therapy. [82]
Tumors of the stomach are known as gastric tumors, and can be either benign or malignant (gastric cancer). These tumors arise from the cells of the gastric mucosa which lines the stomach. Typically, most gastric tumors are cancerous and not detected until a later stage for various reasons.
Cancer of the esophagus is often detected late inasmuch as there are typically no early symptoms. Nevertheless, if the cancer is caught soon enough, patients can have a five-year survival rate of 90% or above. By the time esophageal cancer is usually detected, though, it might have spread beyond the esophageal wall, and the survival rate drops ...
Carney triad (CT), named for J Aidan Carney, is considered to be a specific type of multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN). The three classically associated tumors are a subset of gastric epithelioid leiomyosarcoma (it is now known that this subset is actually gastrointestinal stromal tumor arising from the interstitial cells of Cajal), pulmonary chondroma, and extra-adrenal paraganglioma.
Tumours of the small intestine include gastrointestinal stromal tumours, lipomas, hamartomas and carcinoid syndromes. [5]: 879–887 Diseases of the small intestine may present with symptoms such as diarrhoea, malnutrition, fatigue and weight loss.
Signs and symptoms are not mutually exclusive, for example a subjective feeling of fever can be noted as sign by using a thermometer that registers a high reading. [7] Because many symptoms of cancer are gradual in onset and general in nature, cancer screening (also called cancer surveillance) is a key public health priority. This may include ...
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