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Metastatic tumors in the liver are 20 times more common than primary liver tumors (tumors that originate in the liver(. In 50% of all cases the primary tumor is of the gastrointestinal tract; other common sites include the breast, ovaries, bronchus and kidney. Patients with colorectal cancer may also develop liver metastases. [1]
The included cancer types are the ones causing most death as per data from the US in 2008. [1] Lung cancer, mainly to adrenal glands, brain, and bone [2] Breast cancer, mainly to bone, liver, lung and brain. [3] Colon cancer, mainly to liver. [4] Pancreatic cancer, mainly to liver and lungs. [5] Melanoma, mainly to brain [6]
The tumor in the lung is then called metastatic breast cancer, not lung cancer. Metastasis is a key element in cancer staging systems such as the TNM staging system, where it represents the "M". In overall stage grouping, metastasis places a cancer in Stage IV. The possibilities of curative treatment are greatly reduced, or often entirely ...
In Papua New Guinea and other Pacific Island States including the Solomon Islands, colorectal cancer is a very rare cancer compared to lung, stomach, liver, or breast cancer. It is estimated that 8 in 100,000 people are likely to develop colorectal cancer every year, while 24 in 100,000 women are likely to develop breast cancer.
For example, metastatic cancer found in the upper body is more likely to have an origin above the diaphragm, at sites such as the lung and breast. If the metastatic cancer appears first in the lower part of the body, the primary cancer is more likely to be at sites below the diaphragm, such as the pancreas and liver. [9]
In cases where a metastasis from colorectal cancer is suspected, immunohistochemistry is used to ascertain correct diagnosis. [16] Some proteins are more specifically expressed in colorectal cancer and can be used as diagnostic markers such as CK20 and MUC2. [16]
Among colorectal cancer patients, 15 to 25% will have liver metastases already when the colorectal cancer is discovered, and another 25 to 50% will develop them in the three years after resection of their primary cancer. [2] Of patients who die from metastasised colorectal cancer, 20% have metastasis in the liver alone. [2]
The most common as of 2018 are lung cancer (1.76 million deaths), colorectal cancer (860,000) stomach cancer (780,000), liver cancer (780,000), and breast cancer (620,000). [2] This makes invasive cancer the leading cause of death in the developed world and the second leading in the developing world . [ 25 ]