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The Sovereign Military Order of Malta (SMOM), officially the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta, [a] and commonly known as the Order of Malta or the Knights of Malta, is a Catholic lay religious order, traditionally of a military, chivalric, and noble nature. [4]
In 1818, orientalist Joseph von Hammer compared the Catholic military orders, in particular the Knights Templar, to certain Islamic models such as the Muslim sect of Assassins. In 1820, José Antonio Conde suggested they were modeled on the ribat , a fortified religious institution which brought together a religious or hospital way of life with ...
There was a threefold division of the ranks of the Templars: the noble knights, the non-noble sergeants, and the chaplains. The knights wear white mantles to symbolise their purity and chastity. [95] The sergeants wore black or brown. All three classes of brothers wore the order's red cross. [96]
The three Classes of the Knights of Malta - official website of the Order of Malta "Sovereign Military Order of Malta in the United Kingdom - Order pro Merito Melitensi" . "Blog containing photographs of Medals, neck crosses and sashs for Knights & Dames" (in Portuguese).
This is a list of some members of the Knights Templar, a powerful Christian military order during the time of the Crusades. At peak, the Order had approximately 20,000 members. The Knights Templar were led by the Grand Master, originally based in Jerusalem, whose deputy was the Seneschal. Next in importance was the Marshal, who was responsible ...
The Knights Hospitaller, like the other military orders, organized its fighting members into the ranks of knight and sergeant. [13] In 1130, Pope Innocent II gave the order its coat of arms , a plain silver cross in a field of red, to differentiate them from the Templars. [ 14 ]
The commandry system survives into the present era, but since the Protestant Reformation the order is split into the four "Alliance orders" of the German Order of Saint John (Bailiwick of Brandenburg), the British Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem, the Swedish Johanniterorden i Sverige, and the Dutch Johanniter ...
Among the most important internal events of the early years of the kingdom were the foundation of the Military Orders, which included the Hospitallers, the Knights Templar and the Teutonic Order. Unlike the Hospitallers' beginnings as a benevolent organization, the Templars and Teutonic knights began with a military mission.