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The deviance information criterion (DIC) is a hierarchical modeling generalization of the Akaike information criterion (AIC). It is particularly useful in Bayesian model selection problems where the posterior distributions of the models have been obtained by Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation.
Turtle is an alternative to RDF/XML, the original syntax and standard for writing RDF. As opposed to RDF/XML, Turtle does not rely on XML and is generally recognized as being more readable and easier to edit manually than its XML counterpart. SPARQL, the query language for RDF, uses a syntax similar to Turtle for expressing query patterns.
Digital Volume Correlation (DVC, and sometimes called Volumetric-DIC) extends the 2D-DIC algorithms into three dimensions to calculate the full-field 3D deformation from a pair of 3D images. This technique is distinct from 3D-DIC, which only calculates the 3D deformation of an exterior surface using conventional optical images. The DVC ...
Python sets are very much like mathematical sets, and support operations like set intersection and union. Python also features a frozenset class for immutable sets, see Collection types. Dictionaries (class dict) are mutable mappings tying keys and corresponding values. Python has special syntax to create dictionaries ({key: value})
In computer science, garbage in, garbage out (GIGO) is the concept that flawed, biased or poor quality ("garbage") information or input produces a result or output of similar ("garbage") quality. The adage points to the need to improve data quality in, for example, programming. Rubbish in, rubbish out (RIRO) is an alternate wording. [1] [2] [3]
An extension of word vectors for creating a dense vector representation of unstructured radiology reports has been proposed by Banerjee et al. [23] One of the biggest challenges with Word2vec is how to handle unknown or out-of-vocabulary (OOV) words and morphologically similar words. If the Word2vec model has not encountered a particular word ...
The off-side rule describes syntax of a computer programming language that defines the bounds of a code block via indentation. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The term was coined by Peter Landin , possibly as a pun on the offside law in association football .
Data mining in general and rule induction in detail are trying to create algorithms without human programming but with analyzing existing data structures. [1]: 415- In the easiest case, a rule is expressed with “if-then statements” and was created with the ID3 algorithm for decision tree learning.