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The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to ecology: . Ecology – scientific study of the distribution and abundance of living organisms and how the distribution and abundance are affected by interactions between the organisms and their environment.
Ecology (from Ancient Greek οἶκος (oîkos) ' house ' and -λογία ' study of ') is the natural science of the relationships among living organisms and their environment. Ecology considers organisms at the individual, population , community , ecosystem , and biosphere levels.
Ecology – study of the interactions of living organisms with one another and with the non-living elements of their environment. Behavioral ecology – the study of the evolutionary basis for animal behavior due to ecological pressure; Ecosystem ecology – study of biotic and abiotic components of ecosystems and their interactions within an ...
8. Compare and contrast Jarman’s study of African ungulates with Crook’s of weaver finches. 9. What are the main problems with these early comparative studies? 10. Why is it best to think of as many possible hypotheses as you can before beginning a study? 11. What if you think of a new hypothesis in the middle of a study? What should you do?
Ecosystem ecology is the "study of the interactions between organisms and their environment as an integrated system". [2]: 458 The size of ecosystems can range up to ten orders of magnitude, from the surface layers of rocks to the surface of the planet. [4]: 6
Ecosystem ecology is an inherently interdisciplinary field of study. An individual ecosystem is composed of populations of organisms, interacting within communities, and contributing to the cycling of nutrients and the flow of energy. The ecosystem is the principal unit of study in ecosystem ecology.
A bear with a salmon. Interspecific interactions such as predation are a key aspect of community ecology.. In ecology, a community is a group or association of populations of two or more different species occupying the same geographical area at the same time, also known as a biocoenosis, biotic community, biological community, ecological community, or life assemblage.
In addition, secondary production in streams can be influenced heavily by detritus that falls into the streams; production of benthic fauna biomass and abundance decreased an additional 47–50% during a study of litter removal and exclusion. [20]