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Heliox is a breathing gas mixture of helium (He) and oxygen (O 2).It is used as a medical treatment for patients with difficulty breathing because this mixture generates less resistance than atmospheric air when passing through the airways of the lungs, and thus requires less effort by a patient to breathe in and out of the lungs.
Use of a redundant emergency breathing gas supply [5] Provide appropriate buoyancy. Avoid or prevent accidents resulting in unconsciousness. Use of a full face mask or diving helmet to protect the airway. [6] Use of surface-supplied diving equipment with voice communications. [7] [5] Adequate swimming skills and fitness for the circumstances. [8]
The helium is included as a substitute for some of the nitrogen, to reduce the narcotic effect of the breathing gas at depth and to reduce the work of breathing. With a mixture of three gases it is possible to create mixes suitable for different depths or purposes by adjusting the proportions of each gas.
substantially longer than 18 hours for technical divers who make decompression dives or used helium breathing mixes, as no specific evidence concerning decompression or helium diving was available. There is insufficient data to recommend a definite interval for this case. 24 hours is suggested, with the rider that the risk is unknown and that ...
The risk of breathing asphyxiant gases is frequently underestimated leading to fatalities, typically from breathing helium in domestic circumstances and nitrogen in industrial environments. [ 12 ] The term asphyxiation is often mistakenly associated with the strong desire to breathe that occurs if breathing is prevented.
The amount of helium that must be decanted is very simple to calculate: Multiply the desired gas fraction of helium (F He) by the total filling pressure (P tot) to get partial pressure of helium (P He). In the case of the Tx 20/40, in a 230 bar cylinder, this would be 230 bar x 40% = 92 bar (or for a 3,000 psi fill, it would require 3,000 x 40% ...
A breathing gas mixture of oxygen, helium and hydrogen was developed for use at extreme depths to reduce the effects of high pressure on the central nervous system. Between 1978 and 1984, a team of divers from Duke University in North Carolina conducted the Atlantis series of onshore-hyperbaric-chamber-deep-scientific-test-dives. [11]
Several factors influence the diver, including immersion, exposure to the water, the limitations of breath-hold endurance, variations in ambient pressure, the effects of breathing gases at raised ambient pressure, effects caused by the use of breathing apparatus, and sensory impairment. All of these may affect diver performance and safety. [1]