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A seven-flue chimney in a four-storey Georgian house in London, showing alternative methods of sweeping. A flue is a duct, pipe, or opening in a chimney for conveying exhaust gases from a fireplace, furnace, water heater, boiler, or generator to the outdoors. Historically the term flue meant the chimney itself. [1]
The stack effect or chimney effect is the movement of air into and out of buildings through unsealed openings, chimneys, flue-gas stacks, or other purposefully designed openings or containers, resulting from air buoyancy. Buoyancy occurs due to a difference in indoor-to-outdoor air density resulting from temperature and moisture differences ...
Sometimes weep holes are placed at the bottom of the chimney to drain out collected water. A chimney cowl or wind directional cap is a helmet-shaped chimney cap that rotates to align with the wind and prevent a downdraft of smoke and wind down the chimney. An H-style cap is a chimney top constructed from chimney pipes shaped like the letter H ...
The Plumbing & Drainage Institute (PDI) is an association of American manufacturers of engineered plumbing drainage specialty products.Such products include floor drains, roof drains, sanitary floor drains, cleanouts, water hammer arresters, swimming pool drains, backwater valves, grease interceptors, fixture supports, and other drainage specialties. [1]
A trap primer automatically injects water into a trap, maintaining a water seal to keep sewer gas out of buildings. It must be installed in an easily accessible place for adjustment, replacement, and repair. A trap primer, a specialized valve, is usually connected to a clean-water supply in addition to a DWV system. [20]
Chimney flashing A general term for flashing a chimney to cover the intersections of the chimney and install a damp proof course (DPC) Kickout flashing At the very bottom of a roof/wall intersection, the lowermost step flashing specially formed to deflect water away from the wall. Valley flashing In the valley of two intersecting roof planes.
Copper Leader Head at Penn's Quadrangle, Philadelphia 1894 Copper Leader at Shofuso Japanese House and Garden in Philadelphia. The purpose of a leader head is to help transfer excess water from the roof onto downspouts, thus preventing the gutters from overflowing and water washing over the walls, which is a common occurrence in areas susceptible to heavy rain cycles.
Each of these plumbing fixtures has one or more water outlets and a drain. In some cases, the drain has a device that can be manipulated to block the drain to fill the basin of the fixture. Each fixture also has a flood rim, or level at which water will begin to overflow. Most fixtures also have an overflow, which is a conduit for water to ...