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  2. Substitution reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substitution_reaction

    Substitution reactions in organic chemistry are classified either as electrophilic or nucleophilic depending upon the reagent involved, whether a reactive intermediate involved in the reaction is a carbocation, a carbanion or a free radical, and whether the substrate is aliphatic or aromatic. Detailed understanding of a reaction type helps to ...

  3. SN1 reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SN1_reaction

    The unimolecular nucleophilic substitution (S N 1) reaction is a substitution reaction in organic chemistry. The Hughes-Ingold symbol of the mechanism expresses two properties—"S N " stands for " nucleophilic substitution ", and the "1" says that the rate-determining step is unimolecular .

  4. Solvolysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solvolysis

    In chemistry, solvolysis is a type of nucleophilic substitution (S N 1/S N 2) or elimination where the nucleophile is a solvent molecule. [1] Characteristic of S N 1 reactions, solvolysis of a chiral reactant affords the racemate.

  5. Nucleophilic substitution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleophilic_substitution

    In chemistry, a nucleophilic substitution (S N) is a class of chemical reactions in which an electron-rich chemical species (known as a nucleophile) replaces a functional group within another electron-deficient molecule (known as the electrophile). The molecule that contains the electrophile and the leaving functional group is called the substrate.

  6. Nucleophilic aromatic substitution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleophilic_aromatic...

    Aromatic nucleophilic substitution. This reaction differs from a common S N 2 reaction, because it happens at a trigonal carbon atom (sp 2 hybridization). The mechanism of S N 2 reaction does not occur due to steric hindrance of the benzene ring. In order to attack the C atom, the nucleophile must approach in line with the C-LG (leaving group ...

  7. SNi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNi

    In chemistry, S N i (substitution nucleophilic internal) refers to a specific, regio-selective but not often encountered reaction mechanism for nucleophilic aliphatic substitution. The name was introduced by Cowdrey et al. in 1937 to label nucleophilic reactions which occur with retention of configuration, [ 1 ] but later was employed to ...

  8. Organic reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_reaction

    Organic chemistry has a strong tradition of naming a specific reaction to its inventor or inventors and a long list of so-called named reactions exists, conservatively estimated at 1000. A very old named reaction is the Claisen rearrangement (1912) and a recent named reaction is the Bingel reaction (1993).

  9. Sandmeyer reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandmeyer_reaction

    The radical mechanism of the Sandmeyer reaction is supported by the detection of biaryl byproducts. [8] The substitution of the aromatic diazo group with a halogen or pseudohalogen is initiated by a one-electron transfer mechanism catalyzed by copper(I) to form an aryl radical with loss of nitrogen gas.

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