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Female Asian elephants tend to have more fluid social associations. [99] In Sri Lanka, there appear to be stable family units or "herds" and larger, looser "groups". They have been observed to have "nursing units" and "juvenile-care units". In southern India, elephant populations may contain family groups, bond groups, and possibly clans.
African elephants have grey folded skin up to 30 mm (1.2 in) thick that is covered with sparse, bristled dark-brown to black hair. Short tactile hair grows on the trunk, which has two finger-like processes at the tip, whereas Asian elephants only have one. [7] Their large ears help to reduce body heat.
African elephant heads are completely rounded and large, while Asian elephant heads form two hills or humps on the top, with a line down the center of their face. African Elephant vs. Asian ...
For Asian elephants, these calls have a frequency of 14–24 Hz, with sound pressure levels of 85–90 dB and last 10–15 seconds. [15] For African elephants, calls range from 15 to 35 Hz with sound pressure levels as high as 117 dB, allowing communication for many kilometres, with a possible maximum range of around 10 km (6 mi).
While male Asian elephants have tusks, female Asian elephants do not grow tusks. However, about 50% of the female population grows smaller incisors that sometimes protrude under the upper lip like ...
The desire for ivory has made elephants popular targets for illegal poaching, and it can have a devastating impact on The Multifaceted Role of Elephant Tusks: Tools, Weapons, and Cultural Symbols ...
The elephants collapsed when the toxin impaired their motor functions and their legs became paralysed. Poaching, intentional poisoning, and anthrax were excluded as potential causes. [85] Elephants may also be host for a variety of parasites and bacteria such as Pasteurella, [86] Salmonella, Clostridium, [87] coccidian, nematode, and trematode ...
Elephants have skin that is typically 2.5 cm thick. The folds and wrinkles in their skin may store as much as 10 times as much water as smooth skin, helping to keep them cool.