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In computing, BIOS ( / ˈbaɪɒs, - oʊs /, BY-oss, -ohss; Basic Input/Output System, also known as the System BIOS, ROM BIOS, BIOS ROM or PC BIOS) is firmware used to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs and to perform hardware initialization during the booting process (power-on startup). [ 1]
They can use different I/O protocols, but SPI is the most common. Unified Extensible Firmware Interface ( UEFI, / ˈjuːɪfaɪ / or as an acronym) [ b] is a specification that defines the architecture of the platform firmware used for booting the computer hardware and its interface for interaction with the operating system.
In the mid-1990s, a facility for supplying new microcode was initially referred to as the Pentium Pro BIOS Update Feature. [18] [19] It was intended that user-mode applications should make a BIOS interrupt call to supply a new "BIOS Update Data Block", which the BIOS would partially validate and save to nonvolatile BIOS memory; this could be supplied to the installed processors on next boot.
The Intel Management Engine ( ME ), also known as the Intel Manageability Engine, [ 1][ 2] is an autonomous subsystem that has been incorporated in virtually all of Intel 's processor chipsets since 2008. [ 1][ 3][ 4] It is located in the Platform Controller Hub of modern Intel motherboards . The Intel Management Engine always runs as long as ...
Firmware. Firmware is commonly stored in an EEPROM, which makes use of an I/O protocol such as SPI. In computing, firmware is software that provides low-level control of computing device hardware. For a relatively simple device, firmware may perform all control, monitoring and data manipulation functionality. For a more complex device, firmware ...
In computing, the System Management BIOS ( SMBIOS) specification defines data structures (and access methods) that can be used to read management information produced by the BIOS of a computer. [ 1] This eliminates the need for the operating system to probe hardware directly to discover what devices are present in the computer.
www.award.com. Award BIOS during booting. Award BIOS setup utility on a standard PC. Award Software International Inc. was a BIOS manufacturer founded in 1983 [ 1] by Rene Vishney and Bob Stillman in San Jose, California. In 1984, the company moved its international headquarters to Los Gatos, California, United States. [ 2][ 3]
BIOS interrupt calls perform hardware control or I/O functions requested by a program, return system information to the program, or do both. A key element of the purpose of BIOS calls is abstraction - the BIOS calls perform generally defined functions, and the specific details of how those functions are executed on the particular hardware of the system are encapsulated in the BIOS and hidden ...