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The term "biguanidine" often refers specifically to a class of drugs that function as oral antihyperglycemic drugs used for diabetes mellitus or prediabetes treatment. [4] Examples include: Metformin - widely used in treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2; Phenformin - withdrawn from the market in most countries due to toxic effects
The commercial route involves a two step process starting with the reaction of dicyandiamide with ammonium salts. Via the intermediacy of biguanidine, this ammonolysis step affords salts of the guanidinium cation (see below). In the second step, the salt is treated with base, such as sodium methoxide. [8]
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Polyaminopropyl biguanide (PAPB) is a polymer containing biguanide group connected with a three methylene (propyl) linker.The polymer is a propyl analogue of polyhexamethylene biguanide.
The single purification step at the end of a synthesis allows one or more impurities to be removed, assuming the chemical structure of the offending impurity is known. While the use of solid-supported reagents greatly simplifies the synthesis of compounds, many combinatorial syntheses require multiple steps, each of which still requires some ...
9. Build a custom GPT. If you have a paid ChatGPT plan, you can build custom GPTs that carry out specific actions. For example, if you regularly need to turn a topic into social media captions ...
Billionaires' wealth grew three times faster in 2024 than the year before, a top anti-poverty group reported on Monday as some of the world's political and financial elite prepared for an annual ...
Glucose can be the substrate in Kiliani–Fischer synthesis that adds a carbon to the aldehyde group and forms sugars with one more carbon than the substrate. The first step is nucleophilic addition of aqueous cyanide to aldehyde group in glucose to generate the cyanohydrin. Then cyanohydrin is hydrolyzed to form aldonic acid lactone upon heating.