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Bryophytes are characteristically limited in size and prefer moist habitats although some species can survive in drier environments. [4] The bryophytes consist of about 20,000 plant species. [5] [6] Bryophytes produce enclosed reproductive structures (gametangia and sporangia), but they do not produce flowers or seeds.
Vascular plants (from Latin vasculum 'duct'), also called tracheophytes (UK: / ˈ t r æ k iː ə ˌ f aɪ t s /, [5] US: / ˈ t r eɪ k iː ə ˌ f aɪ t s /) [6] or collectively tracheophyta (/ ˌ t r eɪ k iː ˈ ɒ f ɪ t ə /; [7] [8] [9] from Ancient Greek τραχεῖα ἀρτηρία (trakheîa artēría) 'windpipe' and φυτά (phutá) 'plants'), [9] are plants that have lignified ...
In all bryophytes, the primary plants are the haploid gametophytes, with the only diploid portion being the attached sporophyte, consisting of a stalk and sporangium. Because these plants lack lignified water-conducting tissues, they cannot become as tall as most vascular plants. Algae, especially green algae. The algae consist of several ...
Rhynia gwynne-vaughanii was the sporophyte [2] generation of a vascular, axial, free-sporing diplohaplontic embryophytic land plant of the Early Devonian that had anatomical features more advanced than those of the bryophytes. Rhynia gwynne-vaughanii was a member of a sister group to all other eutracheophytes, including modern vascular plants.
Some extinct early plants appear to be between the grade of organization of bryophytes and that of true vascular plants (eutracheophytes). Genera such as Horneophyton have water-conducting tissue more like that of mosses, but a different life-cycle in which the sporophyte is branched and more developed than the gametophyte.
Just as with bryophytes and spermatophytes (seed plants), the life cycle of pteridophytes involves alternation of generations. This means that a diploid generation (the sporophyte, which produces spores) is followed by a haploid generation (the gametophyte or prothallus, which produces gametes). Pteridophytes differ from bryophytes in that the ...
The division of the extant tracheophytes into three monophyletic lineages is supported in multiple molecular studies. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Other researchers argue that phylogenies based solely on molecular data without the inclusion of carefully evaluated fossil data based on whole plant reconstructions, do not necessarily completely and ...
The clade includes all land plants (embryophytes) except for the bryophytes (liverworts, mosses and hornworts) whose sporophytes are normally unbranched, even if a few exceptional cases occur. [1] While the definition is independent of the presence of vascular tissue , all living polysporangiophytes also have vascular tissue, i.e., are vascular ...