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The boot loader on the option ROM would attempt to boot from a disk, network, or other boot program source attached to or installed on the adapter card; if that boot attempt failed, it would pass control to the previous boot loader (to which INT 19h pointed before the option ROM hooked it), allowing the system to boot from another device as a ...
For example, Das U-Boot may be split into two stages: the platform would load a small SPL (Secondary Program Loader), which is a stripped-down version of U-Boot, and the SPL would do some initial hardware configuration (e.g. DRAM initialization using CPU cache as RAM) and load the larger, fully featured version of U-Boot. [74] Some CPUs and ...
A modern PC is configured to attempt to boot from various devices in a certain order. If a computer is not booting from the device desired, such as the floppy drive, the user may have to enter the BIOS Setup function by pressing a special key when the computer is first turned on (such as Delete, F1, F2, F10 or F12), and then changing the boot order. [6]
Some operating systems vendors may have their own boot loaders. They may also change the default boot location. The Linux kernel has been able to use EFI at boot time since early 2000s, [120] using the elilo EFI boot loader or, more recently, EFI versions of GRUB. [121] Grub+Linux also supports booting from a GUID partition table without UEFI. [19]
The bootloader must navigate disk structures, often implementing FAT file system support, and manage the delicate transition from the BIOS startup state to a stable environment for the next boot stage. Boot loaders may face peculiar constraints, especially in size; for instance, on the earlier IBM PC and compatibles, a boot sector should ...
In early 2010, Canonical, the sponsors for the Ubuntu Operating System, will have an instant-on proposition released to market. Information may be released at the CES show in Las Vegas, January 2010. In June 2010, HP buys Phoenix's HyperSpace. [17] In 2010, DeviceVM projected Splashtop will ship on over 100 million PCs.
Once all the boot and system drivers have been loaded, the kernel starts the session manager (smss.exe), which begins the login process. After the user has successfully logged into the machine, winlogon applies User and Computer Group Policy setting and runs startup programs declared in the Windows Registry and in "Startup" folders.
On Apple Mac computers using Intel x86-64 processor architecture, the EFI system partition is initially left blank and unused for booting into macOS. [13] [14]However, the EFI system partition is used as a staging area for firmware updates [15] and for the Microsoft Windows bootloader for Mac computers configured to boot into a Windows partition using Boot Camp.