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2. Operating system - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system

   The operating system provides an interface between an application program and the computer hardware, so that an application program can interact with the hardware only by obeying rules and procedures programmed into the operating system. The operating system is also a set of services which simplify development and execution of application programs.

3. Binary-code compatibility - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary-code_compatibility

   For a compiled program on a general operating system, binary compatibility often implies that not only the CPUs (instruction sets) of the two computers are binary compatible, but also that interfaces and behaviours of the operating system (OS) and application programming interfaces (APIs), and the application binary interfaces (ABIs ...

4. Hardware abstraction - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardware_abstraction

   A hardware abstraction layer (HAL) is an abstraction layer, implemented in software, between the physical hardware of a computer and the software that runs on that computer. . Its function is to hide differences in hardware from most of the operating system kernel, so that most of the kernel-mode code does not need to be changed to run on systems with different hardwa

5. Kernel (operating system) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel_(operating_system)

   An example would be from supervisor mode to protected mode. This is where the operating system performs actions like accessing hardware devices or the memory management unit. Generally the operating system provides a library that sits between the operating system and normal user programs. Usually it is a C library such as Glibc or Windows API ...

6. System software - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_software

   A kernel is the core part of the operating system that defines an application programming interface for applications programs (including some system software) and an interface to device drivers. Device drivers and firmware , including computer BIOS or UEFI , provide basic functionality to operate and control the hardware connected to or built ...

7. Device driver - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_driver

   Instead of enabling the guest operating system to dialog with hardware, virtual device drivers take the opposite role and emulates a piece of hardware, so that the guest operating system and its drivers running inside a virtual machine can have the illusion of accessing real hardware. Attempts by the guest operating system to access the ...

8. Windows Subsystem for Linux - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Subsystem_for_Linux

   As a result, WSL 2 is compatible with more Linux binaries as not all system calls were implemented in WSL 1. [6] Microsoft offers WSL for a variety of reasons. Microsoft envisions WSL as "a tool for developers – especially web developers and those who work on or with open source projects". [7]

9. Comparison of user features of operating systems - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_user...

   MS-DOS (acronym for Microsoft Disk Operating System) is an operating system for x86-based personal computers mostly developed by Microsoft.Collectively, MS-DOS, its rebranding as IBM PC DOS, and some operating systems attempting to be compatible with MS-DOS, are sometimes referred to as "DOS" (which is also the generic acronym for disk operating system).