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Antihistamines and decongestants are generally the first-line treatment in mild to moderate allergic reactions. Corticosteroids are generally indicated for moderate cases. In severe cases, adrenaline is used to reduce swelling and aid breathing.
[5] [64] Sedative antihistamines, such as diphenhydramine, may be useful in those who are unable to sleep due to eczema. [5] Second generation antihistamines have minimal evidence of benefit. [65] Of the second generation antihistamines studied, fexofenadine is the only one to show evidence of improvement in itching with minimal side effects. [65]
Dyshidrosis is a type of dermatitis, characterized by itchy vesicles of 1–2 mm in size, on the palms of the hands, sides of fingers, or bottoms of the feet. [8] Outbreaks usually conclude within three to four weeks, but often recur.
Cyproheptadine, sold under the brand name Periactin among others, is a first-generation antihistamine with additional anticholinergic, antiserotonergic, and local anesthetic properties. It was patented in 1959 and came into medical use in 1961. [ 5 ]
Clemastine is an antihistamine with anticholinergic and sedative effects. Antihistamines competitively bind to histamine receptor sites, thus reducing the neurotransmitter's effects. [9] Effects of histamine (which are countered by antihistamines) include: Increased capillary permeability; Increased capillary dilatation; Edema (i.e., swelling ...
The evidence does not report how antihistamines affect women differently than men. [1] Different studies have reported on antihistamine use in children, with various studies finding evidence that certain antihistamines could be used by children 2 years of age, and other drugs being safer for younger or older children. [1]
Hydroxyzine, sold under the brand names Atarax and Vistaril among others, is an antihistamine medication. [8] It is used in the treatment of itchiness, anxiety, insomnia, and nausea (including that due to motion sickness). [8]
H 1-antihistamines can be administered topically (through the skin, nose, or eyes) or systemically, based on the nature of the allergic condition. The authors of the American College of Chest Physicians Updates on Cough Guidelines (2006) recommend that, for cough associated with the common cold, first-generation antihistamine-decongestants are ...