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[3] [4] Points where concavity changes (between concave and convex) are inflection points. [5] If f is twice-differentiable, then f is concave if and only if f ′′ is non-positive (or, informally, if the "acceleration" is non-positive). If f ′′ is negative then f is strictly concave, but the converse is not true, as shown by f(x) = −x 4.
One particular solution is x = 0, y = 0, z = 0. Two other solutions are x = 3, y = 6, z = 1, and x = 8, y = 9, z = 2. There is a unique plane in three-dimensional space which passes through the three points with these coordinates, and this plane is the set of all points whose coordinates are solutions of the equation.
For example, antiderivatives of x 2 + 1 have the form 1 / 3 x 3 + x + c. For polynomials whose coefficients come from more abstract settings (for example, if the coefficients are integers modulo some prime number p , or elements of an arbitrary ring), the formula for the derivative can still be interpreted formally, with the coefficient ...
The graph of the logarithm to base 2 crosses the x axis (horizontal axis) at 1 and passes through the points with coordinates (2, 1), (4, 2), and (8, 3). For example, log 2 (8) = 3, because 2 3 = 8. The graph gets arbitrarily close to the y axis, but does not meet or intersect it.
To do so, the different variables in the equation are understood as coordinates and the values that solve the equation are interpreted as points of a graph. For example, if x {\displaystyle x} is set to zero in the equation y = 0.5 x − 1 {\displaystyle y=0.5x-1} , then y {\displaystyle y} must be −1 for the equation to be true.
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The solution set for the equations x − y = −1 and 3x + y = 9 is the single point (2, 3). A solution of a linear system is an assignment of values to the variables ,, …, such that each of the equations is satisfied. The set of all possible solutions is called the solution set. [5]
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