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A Bonneville Dam Kaplan turbine after 61 years of service. The Kaplan turbine is a propeller-type water turbine which has adjustable blades. It was developed in 1913 by Austrian professor Viktor Kaplan, [1] who combined automatically adjusted propeller blades with automatically adjusted wicket gates to achieve efficiency over a wide range of flow and water level.
Turbines are sometimes differentiated on the basis of the type of inlet flow, whether the inlet velocity is in axial direction, radial direction or a combination of both. . The Francis turbine is a mixed hydraulic turbine (the inlet velocity has Radial and tangential components) while the Kaplan turbine is an axial hydraulic turbine (the inlet velocity has only axial velocity componen
This turbine was used until 1955 and today is exhibited at the Technisches Museum Wien. After the success of the first Kaplan turbines they started being used worldwide and remain one of the most widely used kinds of water turbines. In 1926 and 1934 Kaplan received honorary doctorates. He died of a stroke in 1934 at Unterach am Attersee, Austria.
Kaplan turbine and electrical generator cut-away view. The runner of the small water turbine. A water turbine is a rotary machine that converts kinetic energy and potential energy of water into mechanical work. Water turbines were developed in the 19th century and were widely used for industrial power prior to electrical grids. Now, they are ...
Kaplan turbine: This turbine is a propeller-type turbine which has adjustable blades to achieve efficiency over a wide range of heads and flows. The Kaplan can be used at low to medium heads (1.5–20 metres) and medium to high flows (3 m 3 /s–30 m 3 /s). For higher flows multiple turbines can be used.
A Kaplan turbine is an example of an axial flow turbine. In the figure: U = Blade velocity, ... A Pelton wheel is an impulse design. A Reaction Turbine Stage [1]
The power plant consists of two Kaplan turbines each rated at 22.5 MW (30,200 hp) on a 29 metres (95 feet) head of water, to give a total capacity of 45 MW (60,000 hp). [5] The first turbine was commissioned in 1951 and the second in 1952. [1]
Gulpur Hydropower Project is a run-of-the-river project designed for the generation of 100 megawatts (130,000 hp) consisting of two Kaplan-type turbine units with an average energy output of 436 Gwh. [2]